The Roots of Anglican and Protestant Reformations Essay

The Roots of Anglican and Protestant Reformations - Essay Example The introduction of many printing presses made it possible for the quick spread of Renaissance ideas to a large audience in a more reliable manner. This promoted the rapid transmissions of the works of Martin Luther and was made possible by the university where Luther was working at the time. On the social front, the increasing loss of popularity of Rome in Germany and other parts of the world due to the heavy taxation of the people in order to facilitate the construction of the St. Peters square in Rome, made many people rethink their religious stand.  Many countries began to stress on their nationalism thus lowering their devotion to Rome and the nation of Italy. Some countries such as Germany and Poland began to openly express their dissatisfaction with Rome.   The long-term economic hardships that were witnessed in Europe caused the rise in the calls for reformation by the Protestants. The increasing greed of the top leaders of the Catholic Church led to the depression of the peasants in various parts of Europe. The prices of basic commodities began to increase as the inflation rate rose to make the standards of living to decrease. This was argued on the basis that the church took most of the resources and the people were left with very little to support their livelihoods.On the political front, it was argued that there was lack of strong and centralized institutions as which was evident by poor management of the taxation system, lack of an imperial army and lack of effective machinery to conduct the duties of the government. Martin Luther had received a lot of support and protection from Elector Frederick the Wise.   The personal doubts that Martin Luther had on the direction that the church had taken, contributed to the religious course for the reformation. A number of blames were directed on the papacy which was viewed to have taken different dimensions and had deviated from the religious goal. The popes who existed in the renaissance period failed to set a good example for their followers all over the world.

Proof of God's existence and Human error Research Paper

Proof of God's existence and Human error - Research Paper Example It is a logical reality that in order for something to be created, someone must create it. According to Descartes, in order for an idea to contain objective reality, it must be derived from a cause that contains at least as much of a formal reality as there is objective reality in the idea. With this logic, Descartes explains that the objective reality of an idea cannot come from a man therefore it must be derived from something else. Only a perfect and infinite being could be capable of creating such an idea, and since man is not infinite, therefore such ideas can never be derived from man. On the other hand, God is perfect and an infinite being with infinite formal reality, therefore such objective ideas must have come from God; therefore God exists. Second proof of the existence of God is that; the power and action needed to preserve something are the same as needed for creating something anew. Creation of something is an effect and each effect has a cause, therefore there must be as much reality in the cause as in the effect. According to Descartes, man cannot have power to preserve himself therefore the existence that caused the creation of man must be the one preserving the man himself. Since man can think, the entity that created man must also have the ability to think. Man is not a perfect being and had man been able to create himself, he would have made the man perfect. Since man has ideas of perfection therefore the entity that created man must be perfect. Therefore, through this logical derivation, it can be inferred that God exists. Both these proofs are different from each other due to the perspective through which they are presented. The first proof is presented by using the logic of the infinity of an idea and the cause that created that idea. On the other hand, the second proof is presented by the logic of the existence of man himself. The second proof is more convincing because it provides an easily understandable logic from the perspective of the existence of humans. Descartes needed two proofs to widen the scope of his philosophy. Proving the same fact using two different dimensions only adds to the depth of the argument. Two proofs are also important because different people with different perspectives may be able to understand them easily. Two proves do not do different works for Descartes because these are only two ways of proving the same fact. After proving that God exists and he is perfect, there arises a question regarding the imperfection of man. If God is perfect, why is there room for error or imperfection? Descartes presents a convincing argument as a reply to this question which is; there is a scale having two extremes that are nothingness and perfection, and man exists somewhere between these two extremes. Man is less perfect than God but he is more than mere nothingness. Therefore, error is not a positive reality according to Descartes but it just the absence of what is correct. Thus Descartes infers that man can err without God giving him any ability to do so but error happens only due to the mortality of the ability of the man to judge the truth. Descartes thus describes the existence of human error as the inability of the man to determine why God chose to create the man. It is due to the limited knowledge of the man which is not infinite as that of God. Therefore, it can be said that the arguments presented by Descartes are convincing because he explains the existence of

What Is The Best Way To Become A Good Person Philosophy Essay

What Is The Best Way To Become A Good Person Philosophy Essay I chose this topic because I am very concerned with life in this era. Many people underestimate the value of behaviour. They are only busy with daily activities. In fact, the behaviour is the most important thing in life, because without the behaviour, we are nothing. Although we have a high value on something, but bad behaviour, we are nothing in public. A good person is someone who displays love, joy, peace, kindness, goodness, humility, patience and who is faithful and endures all things. It is someone who displays self control and considers others more important than self. It is someone who is a good friend, a good listener and someone who displays integrity dignity and accountability towards self and towards others. This person is not judgmental and holds no score of records against others but walks in forgiveness and understanding of others. This person does not bad mouth but rather stands up for someone. This is someone who would lay down his life for others not as a doormat, but as a true friend. There are few people today who fall into this category and if you find one, run with that person because that person is positive and someone you can always count on a true friend. People Problem to be a Good Person Many people said Its so hardly to become a good person, because I am very busy and have many problem, so i have no time to learn what about how to be a good person, i cant to do that. But in fact, we dont need many act, we just need to do what should we do. Actually, we havent realize that we often to do something, like, be proactive in some place, give people the benefit of the doubt, etc What Should We Do? Actually, its very easy, we can make them be better in many ways. First we just told them, what is the purpose in our live? and the meaning of What the advantages become a good person in this world?. This is the first way is useful for dealing with this life. After that, we can use the second step, we must follow the instruction of How to be a Good Person, like material that I will discuss in this paper. BE A GOOD PERSON IN YOUR OWN WAY Be Proactive. Its tempting to infer that as long as you avoid doing the things you know are bad (stealing, badmouthing, lying, etc.) then that means youre a good person, but theres more to it than that. By avoiding bad behaviour, youve made a big step towards becoming a good person, but youve only just begun. In order to be good, you actually have to do good things rather than just avoid doing bad things. Then, Consider the result. Have you ever heard the saying that the road to hell is paved with good intentions? Its not enough to want to do good, and to try to do goodyou must also think about whether your actions actually had good results. Not every attempt to do good will end with good results, so when things dont work out, be willing to reconsider your actions and change them accordingly. Never let your sense of duty, loyalty, or obligation get in the way of doing whats right. For example, many parents feel that its always good to help their children in every way they can, but there are times when children need to learn lessons on their own and face challenges in order to achieve or to avoid mistakes in the future. A child who has been arrested on suspicion of drunk driving needs to bear the responsibility of his or her actions. If the parent bails the child out, and then helps the child avoid consequences, s/he will only learn that the parent will be there to help even if s/he do es wrong. The intention is good (wanting to help the child succeed) but the action might not be (removing all obstacles from their path). After that, consider the greater good. What might seem like a good decision in your situation might not have a very good impact on a broader scale (in the example above, the child doesnt have a DUI on his record, but is then free to go and violate the law again, this time possibly hurting or killing someone else). People often do right things for the wrong reasons, and wrong things for the right reasons. If youre playing a game with your team, for instance, it might seem good to try and score as many goals as you can to bring your team to victory. But look at the big picture. How will your teammates feel if you score all the points instead of helping set them up to score at times, never allowing them to get a shot in? How will that kind of victory affect the team spirit? Would you still feel good if your team won, but your teammates felt that it was an individual effort and they werent involved? Next, define what good means to you. Ultimately, you have to decide on your own code of ethics, and what matters are that you follow through with what you believe makes you a good person. At times, this may conflict with what others believe is good, and they might even accuse you of being wrong or evil. Consider their views either they know something you dont, in which case you may learn something from them and update your morality, or perhaps their experience is limited, meaning that you should take their views with a grain of salt. Then, Be balance. In the struggle to be good, its easy to swing from one extreme to another. However, any form of extremism can lead to closed-mindedness, a quality that can be found behind what most people can agree are bad deeds. In Buddhism, theres a term for avoiding extremism: the Middle Way. Whenever you find yourself leaning towards an extreme, try to find the Middle Way before you act. Its good to be humble and kind, but is it not good to be so humble and kind that you let people walk all over you, to the extent that it damages your physical and emotional health, or lessens your ability to care for, spend time with, and provide for your family? Its good to be responsible (pay your bills on time, plan for retirement, save up for your kids to go to college) but is it good to be this way to the point that you hoard away hundreds of thousands of dollars in assets and wealth for your own familys financial security without ever giving someone else (who isnt fortunate enough to be born into your family) a helping hand? Its good to be positive, but is it good to be so positive that you ignore risks and brush mistakes under the rug, never learning from bad decisions because youre always positive that itll work out the next time around? Its good to be honest, but is it good to be so honest that you hurt peoples feelings unnecessarily, violate someones privacy or prevent someone from finding answers that they might need to find for themselves? After that, Give people the benefit of the doubt. To the extent that it doesnt jeopardize your safety (like getting in the car with a group of people you just met), assume each person you meet is a good person, and act likewise. If you see someone do something that you consider to be bad, consider what they are dealing with in the context of their own lifedont jump to conclusions. Try to discover what motivated their bad act, and if appropriate, show them how it was hurtful by using non-violent communication. Many times, helping someone else become a good person in a gentle, open-minded and unimposing way can help you learn and become a better person yourself. Be Good for its own sake. Dont try to be a good person because your parents told you to, because you want recognition or respect, or for any kind of reward except your own satisfaction in doing what you believe is good. Never act superior to anyone else or brag about your goodness or righteousness. Your dedication to a particular creed, ideology, or set of guidelines does not make you better than anyone else. Do what you believe makes you a good person on your own terms, and remember that its an individual journeyeveryones path is unique. Do well by stealth, and blush to find it fame. Forgiveness is a characteristic of a good person. They let go of resentment, the anger and bitterness. They dont allow toxins to overshadow joy in their lives and the joy they can offer to others. They unfold a loving heart without seeking revenge. They arent a door mat to be walked on, but realize we all make mistakes. A good person respects others, but this respect is derived from respect for themselves. They value their own worth, their own feelings as well as others. They listen attentively because your thoughts and feelings matter. They open their mind to diversity in thoughts and opinions without making you feel lesser or judging unfairly. They may not agree with you, but they handle differences, respectfully. There is some tips to be a good person in your own way. Firstly, Believe in the power of your actions to influence others. When other people see you doing good deeds, they will be reminded to take more positive action themselves. Secondly, Avoid lying whenever possible. With the exception of lies that protect others feelings, telling the truth is always easier than lying. And forcing yourself to always tell the truth means that youll be motivated to make better choices when confronted with dilemmas in life. Thirdly, keep in mind that for which you are grateful and do good on that basis. If you do good to get good, your expectations will eventually be unmet. HOW TO BE A HONEST PERSON Think honestly. This may sound silly, but if you dont think honestly, you wont BE honest. Prejudices and preconceived ideas can make it difficult to distinguish what the truth really is. Dont take things at face value. When you read, see, or hear something, dont make assumptions. Offer the benefit of the doubt, and be sceptical if necessary. When you make a commitment to communicating and understanding the truth, it can be humbling to realize that most of what we think we know is actually just based on assumptions rather than facts. Keep in mind a Jewish proverb: What you dont see with your eyes, dont witness with your mouth. A good person is trustworthy and doesnt gossip. They dont get pleasure from hurting others. They hold your secrets in confidence as if a cherished treasure. You wont be left with doubts as to who they are or where you stand with them. Their word is truth and filled with honesty. About cheating. Dont do it. Not on your spouse or your taxes. Doing nothing is much better than cheating. And then, Practice being honest on the simple things. This is especially important in situations where coloring the facts would make no difference in the world, which covers a good bit of life (from speaking the truth, to avoiding simple thoughtless acts like picking up someones pencil or grabbing an apple off the neighbours tree to snack on without thinking about it). Abraham Lincoln became famous for going to great lengths to return a few cents that did not belong to him, hence the nickname Honest Abe. By applying honesty to the little things, you will get in the habit of being honest in general. Stay away from drugs, stay away from them. They are associated with bad behavior among many other things. About words. Choose your word carefully. If you have nothing nice to say, say nothing politely. Helping hands. This includes at home and at work. If you see someone who could use an extra hand, give it, even if you are tired and would rather just watch TV or take a nap. Understand the working of dishonesty. Most of us learned to be dishonest as children. The process often began with the realization that different behaviours result in different outcomes. For example, saying certain things (or not saying certain things) garnered desirable approval and praise, or the undesirable disapproval and censure, if not punishment. Indulgence in dishonest behaviour to get desired results was just a small step away. With time the thought processes behind such actions get so entrenched in our subconscious mind that one is not even aware of them. A time comes when one loses the capacity to know when and where to draw the line and how negatively does dishonesty affect our lives (see Warnings below). Dishonesty often becomes a tool to: Pretend that there is nothing wrong with us, shift blame to others, avoid embarrassment, ddistract ourselves, minimize conflict, and avoid responsibility or work The next is fess up. Be willing to address issues where you have been less than honest in the past, whether you took a cookie and then denied it, or blatantly lied about whose fault an automobile accident was. While reviewing your past transgressions can create discomfort and guilt, recognizing where you have been dishonest in the past can help you identify patterns and stop them from continuing. If you feel guilty for having been dishonest in the past, apologize to the person you lied to and/or find a creative way to make things right. For example, if you kept money that you knew wasnt yours and didnt make a good faith effort to return it to its owner, make an equivalent or greater donation to charity. If youve lied to a person who plays an important role in your life (a significant other, relative, or friend) the best (but most difficult) thing to do is come clean. List the areas where you may have a weakness. It may be as simple as a tendency to make up excuses for failures, or as complicated as a penchant for stealing. Remember that dishonesty is rooted in fear, so you must look for and face those fears. By listing areas where you have a problem, and then working to deal with them, you can consciously battle these habits. If you find yourself lying because you fear disapproval from someone, for example, perhaps you need to learn how to stop being a people pleaser and be yourself. Most importantly, admit your errors so that you can forgive yourself and use those experiences to reinforce your determination to do better. You cant fix what you dont acknowledge as a problem. After that, Find a balance between full disclosure and privacy. Just because youre honest doesnt mean you have to air out all of your (or anybody elses) business. There are some things that we dont talk about because its not information that the person asking may be entitled to. On the other hand, withholding information that you know should be disclosed is lying by omission. For instance, not telling a romantic partner that you have a child or that youve been married in the past, for example, is objectionable by most. Deciding what information a person should or should not know is a personal decision. Just because you believe a person is better off not knowing something doesnt mean youre acting in their best interest by hiding that information. Follow your gut, and put yourself in that persons position: If I was in their shoes, would I rightfully feel betrayed if this information wasnt shared with me at an appropriate time? Exercise tact. We all know that being literally honest can hurt feelings and turn friendships sour. It can also be misinterpreted as criticism or a lack of support. Its very tempting to tell a white lie when dealing with sensitive loved ones (especially children), but you can still be honest by being creative in how you express the truth. Emphasize the positive. Shift the focus away from what, in all honesty, you think is negative. Instead of saying No, I dont think you look good in those pants say Theyre not as flattering as the black dress-that dress really looks amazing on you. Have you tried it on with those stockings you wore to my cousins wedding last year? You have the right to remain silent. If youre pushed into a corner and dont know how to respond, say Can we talk about this another time? or I really dont feel comfortable talking about this. You should really address this with Dont say I dont know if you really do know-it can come back to bite you in the rear later on. The person might catch on and realize that you know something, and they might get pushy. Repeat yourself and leave the conversation as quickly as possible. When all else fails, be honest-but gently. Wrap the potentially hurtful truth in appreciation, praise, and, if applicable, affection. There some tips to be honest person. For most people, keeping secrets intended to benefit someone is not considered dishonest, as long as youre confident that the person youre keeping the secret from will completely understand when they find out. Still, its a fuzzy line determining which secrets are dishonest-keeping a surprise birthday party under wraps is one thing; not telling a child that they are adopted or that their pet has died is trickier, and will require a personal sorting of ethics. We make judgments, assumptions and theories every day, but in order to be honest, its important for us to acknowledge them as what they are: ideas about what the truth might be, not the hard truth itself. When you make a statement, try to add the phrase In my experience or Personally, Ive observed that at the beginning, or end it with but thats just my observation/experience that might not be how things are everywhere. For example: In my experience, people who have physically demanding jobs tend to be more fit than those in office jobs, but thats just my own observation. That might not be how things are everywhere. It lets people know that you are making an observation that is limited to your situation, instead of making a blanket statement (i.e. stereotype or generalization) that isnt true. Some may find it helps to keep track of your statements to others in written form (a journal or chart of some sort). This can help you to see how many times you are honest and how many times you are dishonest. Learn from these experiences. Having a record of past situations where you were dishonest can help you to consider what can you do better in the future situations. Visualize how it will be if you are honest and then let move forward confidently!. HOW TO ENJOY LIFE Learn to be positive. If you keep moaning about your life, other people will only notice the bad aspects of your character and categorize you as a person who is Boring or worse! Who wants to spend time with a wet blanket! Go to places where people are positive and support you with positive thoughts. After that, Be generous. A little generosity goes a long way. Give and people return the favour to you and you will be known as a generous person. Then, make a list of all the things you want to do and do them. If youve always wanted to audition for theatre, then go ahead and do it! This will help to reduce hanging around and wishing. This even applies if you want to be an astronaut  : you might not effectively become one, but becoming savvy in astrophysics and space will make you realize that youre capable of it. Keep trying. One of the key things that you need to remember is to never be discouraged; failure is a part of life, and it happens naturally. If you are so disillusioned that you never want to try again, at least be comforted by the fact that you made an attempt. Stop doing things that you dont enjoy. Make a list of the things that you are doing that you dont enjoy, and try to stop doing them. Naturally, this shouldnt mean that you should drop out of school if you dont like studying, but you might consider working for a new company if you are constantly stressed and pressured by your job. If its not possible to stop, try to see the positive side of those things and find ways to make them entertaining. Nobody enjoys cleaning the kitchen fan or the toilet but if you do these chores with full awareness and make them into a meditation, you will be surprised how quiet your mind will become and how much happiness these chores will give you. Find a hobby. You might take up collecting stamps or coins, or you might learn more about photography or art. You dont have to spend your entire life doing it; the whole purpose of the hobby is to vary your routine and do something worthwhile. Singing is a wonderful way to make life more enjoyable. Try to pick up some of your favourite songs and learn the lyrics by heart. When you feel bored, sing those songs and you would feel much better. Singing karaoke, taking some singing lessons or listening to music would make your life more interesting. After that, Enjoy feeling proud. If youre proud of something be it: an essay, a new deck you built, a promotion, or a song you composed hold on to it for dear life because theres nothing more important than your pride. Do not let anybody take it by demanding more. Stop watching TV or at least limit the amount of time you spend in front of the idiot box. Watching TV is passive entertainment and enjoyment in life comes from trying and doing things yourself instead of watching other people do things. Watching people swim is not the same as swimming. Watching other people hike or climb a mountain is not the same as hiking or climbing mountains. This is pretty obvious but still many people prefer second hand experiences to living life to the full. The same goes for playing TV or computer games for hours on end. Go out and do something. You will feel healthier too. Ask questions. Its not bad to ask questions. Ask as many as you can no matter what people say or the relevance of them. Dont doubt yourself because theres a good chance somebody else is wondering the same thing. Stay healthy. Make part of your life eating right and exercising because it helps keep the body running at the top of its game. Be open to change. Changes in your job, friends, and the government. With practice you will be able to anticipate it. list the items you want to keep. This will help you realize what you have and you are so lucky to have it. There is some tips how to enjoy life. You can Ask others about how they spend their time. If you feel like doing something that they do, then join them! Dont be afraid to ask! Get organized. Youll feel more in control and happier. Dont think that you constantly disappoint people. Nothing can be further from the truth. If youre an adult dont preoccupy yourself with paydays and raises. Money alone cannot help you feel fulfilled. Dont be rude to anyone. Dont be rude to your teachers or complain in class. Names like: slacker, degenerate, delinquent, punk, underachiever, and lost cause are just words people use because they are confused by why youre soaring through life while theyre sluggishly inching along. Ignore the labels. WARNINGS ABOUT THE WAY TO BE A GOOD PERSON Dont push your assistance on people who dont want it. If someone is telling you they dont want your help, just apologize if you presumed, and bow out gracefully. Dont be so nice and constantly helpful that people take advantage of you. Part of being a good person is helping others become better people. Doing everything for someone who is capable of taking care of him or herself is not helpful to either of you. Be very careful what you say to people. It can be incredibly affecting to say something thoughtless off the top of your head. A rash judgment, a poorly observed conclusion can resonate forever in someones life. This is particularly true for children and others with little or no defences. Dont trust the mind alone. Your ideas and preconceptions are often not enough to divine the good in a given situation. A person can believe their own headlines to the point of mania. Always remember that your humility is one of the most subtly persuasive powers at your disposal. Step back and f igure out what your heart tells you. Try to see your beliefs or actions objectively. WARNINGS ABOUT HOW TO BE A HONEST PERSON Be wary when someone tells you something in confidence, and you know in your gut that you should share that information with someone else (knowledge of a crime, a lie, or a harmful act against another). This puts you in a difficult position, especially when the truth eventually comes out and the person affected by it finds out you knew all along. If someone starts off a sentence with Dont tell so-and-so about this, okay? be prepared to offer your own disclaimer: If its something that Id want to know about if I was in their shoes, please dont tell me. I dont want to be responsible for keeping anyones secrets but my own. Be conscious of groups of peers or friends who may sway you to stray from your choice to stay on the straight and narrow. Like any bad habit, you may be pressured to regress if you choose to hang around people who dont have integrity and dont cherish honesty. You dont have to automatically find new, more truthful friends, but be aware of your vulnerability to temptation if you continue associations with overtly dishonest people. Dishonesty has many negative consequences. They are often not immediate or noticeable; they usually build up over time until they hit us like a brick wall, at which point it may be difficult to see how dishonesty has played a role in unhappiness: Becoming numb to our own feelings if we hide them for a long enough time. Becoming deeply confused about what we actually want. Making a bad situation worse. Not being prepared to face the consequences of our decisions and the reality of our situation, thus getting more hurt by it in the end. Being haunted by guilt, and fear that your dishonesty will be discovered. An emotional state that can be best described as a heavy heart. If you find that you cannot control your lying, there may be emotional issues at work that are beyond the scope of this article. Consider meeting with a counsellor or other professional who can help you work through those issues over the long term. It may be that dishonesty is a habit that youve set for your entire li fe, and it will take a good deal of introspection and work to unravel that pattern. WARNINGS ABOUT HOW TO ENJOY LIFE Dont be fooled into thinking that drinking alcohol or taking drugs will make your life any more enjoyable than it is now. These only provide a brief and unhealthy means of enjoyment. Placing too much reliance on alcohol or drugs can lead to addiction, which will ultimately deconstruct your ability to enjoy life. So, if you want to make a person be better, you should consider the steps, and then, dont make person feel pressured in the process of making him be better. We must consider restrictions on How To Be a Good Person. We can make a life be better, by improving someones character better. HowToBeHappy.org www.Good-Child-Guide.com win-spy.com HowToBeHappy.org www.HappinessAndGod.com www.LawofDirection.com How To Be A Good Person: Tips On How To Be The Best One Can Be | Suite101.com http://personaldevelopment.suite101.com/article.cfm/how_to_be_a_good_person#ixzz0ZXAwZ3Iu

Examining for Aphasia Essay -- Assessment

Introduction Examining For Aphasia was created in 1954 by John Eisenson in New York (Eisenson, 1954). It was one of the first tests for assessing language impairment (Benson & Ardila, 1996) and provides a guided approach for evaluating language disturbances and other disturbances closely related to language function (Eisenson, 1954). The test was originally developed for use with a group of patients in an army hospital who had aphasia and other related disturbances. Over time, the original inventory was refined and improved until testing has ‘shown the applicability of various parts of the test as well as of the examination as a whole’ (Eisenson, 1954, p. 32) and gave rise to the commercial version. Purpose The purpose of Examining for Aphasia (EFA) is to examine adolescents and adults, particularly those whose language abilities have become impaired after normal language functioning had been established. Its main purpose is to ascertain the type and level of the language dysfunction (Eisenson, 1954). It aims to help the clinician discover what abilities remain, with the end goal of forming the basis of a program of retraining. It is the hope that following the examination, the clinician will have an overall view of the patient's level of strengths and weaknesses within each area of language function. Construction EFA is divided into two main parts – receptive and expressive. The first part includes items to test abilities and to expose disturbances in the patient’s capacity to deal with concrete materials, visual representation, and to recognize items. The second part tests expressive abilities, not verbal and non-verbal. Within both sections, the tests are further divided into ‘sub-symbolic’ and ‘higher symbolic’ levels, w... ...n addition allows clinicians to form a basis from which to plan intervention and set goals. References Benson, D. F., & Ardila, A. (1996). Aphasia : a clinical perspective. New York: Oxford University Press. Browndyke, J. (2002). Aphasia Assessment Retrieved 9 May 2012, from http://www.neuropsychologycentral.com/interface/content/resources/page_material/resources_general_materials_pages/resources_document_pages/aphasia_assessment.pdf Eisenson, J. (1954). Examining for aphasia : a manual for the examination of aphasia and related disturbances. New York: Psychological Corporation. Skenes, L. L., & McCauley, R. J. (1985). Psychometric review of nine aphasia tests. Journal of Communication Disorders, 18(6), 461-474. doi: 10.1016/0021-9924(85)90033-4 Benson, D. F., & Ardila, A. (1996). Aphasia : a clinical perspective. New York: Oxford University Press.

Food and Beverage Operations Essay

This means that liquor outlets can refuse entry and alcohol to any member of the pubmic without giving a reason. Question 2 * People orientated – beverage managers must be comfortable leading their employees and working with the public. a manager is expected to walk the floor and talk to patrons. * Honesty – in some cases beverage manager’s work for the owner of the establishment, who has entrusted his or her managers with the restaurants profits and supplies. Stealing from the establishment or other dishonesty is a fast way to lose the owners trust. * Organized – a good beverage manager will know the key to success is preparations. This means ensuring beverages are fresh and ready to place when customers arrive, beverage managers must be strong administrators. * Flexibility – a beverage manager may be required to work late hours, especially if employed at a bar. You will need to be prepared for all situations. A good beverage manager has the below 5 characteristics: * Confidence * Honesty and integrity * Good management skills * To be able to work well under pressure * Reliability Question 3. On-consumption – an outlet where liquor is served over a counter or to table for the customers to consume on the premises. Off-consumption – an outlet where liquor is sold to the public for consumption elsewhere. The liquor must be sold unopened in sealed containers. Question 4 A bar control system is important in order to attain correct and accurate stock control. Question 5 Possible discrepancies are: * You used the incorrect selling price in the calculations. * The issues and opening stock values could be incorrect * There could be spillages. * Stocks have been stolen as a result of poor security * The addition and extensions could be incorrect Question 6 (a) R1650(Cost) 100 R6000(sales)x 1= 25 (b) 75% Question 7 A cocktail is sipped whereas a shooter is drunk quickly. Question 8 Cocktails have since become a very popular type of drink and operators have realized that consumers are more likely to try a new mix of cocktails which vary from bar to bar. Question 9 To make it attractive. Question 10 The shake method is done in a cocktail shaker and is usually shaken with ice and strained into a glass. The stir method means the ingredients are added together and then stirred to ensure mixing in one of two ways: Mixed in the glass or mixed in a separate container and then strained into the serving glass. Question 11 This means that when a cocktail is shaken with ice, the ice thaws too quickly, diluting the liquor with water and making the drink weaker. Question 12 a) Rum: 1) Cuba Libre – 1 ? Tots white rum Top up with cola according to taste in a highball glass with ice. Lime or lemon wedge to garnish. 2) Bacardi Cocktail – 1 measure Bacardi rum ? measure grenadine ? lemon juice. Shake with ice and strain into a cocktail glass b) Brandy: 1) Brandy Cocktail-1 ? measures brandy 1 measure cointreau 2 dashes of sugar syrup 2 dashes of angostura bitters Add ice and stir gently, strain into a cocktail glass 2) Stinger – 1 measure brandy 1 measure creme de menthe (white) Shake with ice and strain into a cocktail glass c) Gin: 1) Gin and It – 1 measure dry gin 1 measure Italian vermouth Pour over ice unto a cocktail glass garnish with a cherry 2) Dry Martini-2 measures dry gin 1 measure dry vermouth Mix and stir gently and serve in a cocktail glass garnish with a twist of lemon and an olive. Question 13 1 ounces Whiskey 5 ounces Soda Water Mix ingredients in a highball glass two-thirds full of ice. Stir briskly and garnish with a lemon twist. | Question 14 Balloon glass. South African liqueur brandy is wellington or old fashioned. Question 15 Sambuco is a liqueur, it is usually meant to be drunk before meals but people prefer to have them as shooters. It is most often served on their own in a liqueur glass or as part of a cocktail. Question 16 The binder: made up of one leaf which holds the filler together. Covers the inner part of the cigar completely.

Educated, Unemployed and Frustrated

In today's society it is clearly obvious that times are rough. People are struggling and trying to find a secure career seems to be almost impossible. Millions and millions of people graduate college in the hope that finding the job of their dreams will come so easily. Sadly that is not the case and our newly educated individuals are unemployed. Most having to accept minimum wages positions just to keep up with today's fast paced world. After working so hard for years to make something of yourself, not to mention the debt you are left to pay after. It certainly takes a hefty toll on you emotionally and physically over time.Is there anything we can do to fix this crisis and get back on our feet? In the article Klein states â€Å"My generation was taught that all we needed to succeed was an education and hard work. † Which is absolutely true but it’s not our fault that job are not available. There isn’t anything we can do to change the economic slump. We can place blame and point fingers but it will never get us anywhere. I agree that action needs to be taken but how? Things would change if we could stand up for ourselves, like Portugal, protesting to send a message for change. When are we going to follow their footsteps?People need more of a push to actually want to get out and get a job. Taxes need to be lowered so that businesses can grow, which in turn will create more jobs and result in lower unemployment rates. We all know it’s easier said than done. In the state we are in with high taxes which has lead us to company downsizing and we all know where that leaves us. I am also very well aware that taking money away from the government also means taking away from our economy but there has to be some kind of happy medium. No one should be ashamed to take on positions that pay less than expected, we do what we need to do to get by.Maybe we should be patient and just not expect to get placed in an amazing job right out of school. We sh ould never lose hope in our future and look forward to what’s going to happen tomorrow. It can be really hard to get by these days but we need to look at the brighter side of things and be thankful you have your education, a job that at least pays that bills and your health. Do not get discouraged, you would only be holding back yourself. Never give up trying to accomplish your goals and do not let anything stand in your way of success. In the meantime continue to further your education and keep yourself distracted.Today it seems having to struggle from time to time is common. It’s sad to say that I do not see any change in the near future. We have limited choices and not only one person can make a difference. The only way to see if we can send a message to our government is to take a nationwide protest. Like Portugal, we can take a stand to become a better nation. The government needs to pay a lot more attention to the prevention of the increase in unemployment. Effec ts of unemployment may be devastating. Unemployment also leads to the more stress because there are no means for living.This could also lead to a larger crime rate. Being in such a helpless position, desperate people will start lashing out and stooping down to doing anything they need to just for a decent meal for the night. Stealing to make a living, starting riots and large rebellions to change the existing social order. When you have nothing and your think you have no means for living and are doomed to starvation. Then what else would any of us have to lose? Even though the concluding result is the most extreme and the rarest one but it is the end of this growing unemployment and lack of the government to stop it.

Ways to Build Relationships With Colleagues at Your First Job

Ways to Build Relationships With Colleagues at Your First Job Your first job out of college is full of new experiences. It may be the first time you earn a salary, the first time you’re in charge of a project and the first time you’re introduced to office politics. Establishing a good first impression is important, but it’s the weeks and months after that that will determine a lot about how you feel about your job. Cultivating working relationships with colleagues is an important part of your professional life. Exchanging ideas with others in your field can lead to great developments in your career. 75% of employers rate team work and collaboration as â€Å"very important† but 39% of employees believe that their organization doesn’t collaborate enough. The point is that both employers and employees believe that exchanging ideas is essential to doing good work. Improving your relationships with your co-workers is helpful to both you and your organization. So what are the best ways to grow business relationships in the workplace? Here are some tips for recent graduates: Ask Someone Out for Lunch Conversations and experiences outside of the workplace take the relationship out of the office context and create a deeper bond. Maybe you’re working with someone on a project and would like to develop more of a friendship with them. Why not extend an offer for them to have lunch with you? You can use the project as a springboard to talk about other subjects or keep the conversation to business. Ask Someone to Mentor You You’re new in the office and still have a lot to learn. If there’s a colleague whose business style and knowledge you admire, don’t be afraid to ask them if they would mentor you. The worst they can say is no, and the best they can do is show you the ropes of a business you’re just starting out in. Invite Co-Workers to Social Events Throwing a party at your apartment or inviting people out on a Friday night can help you get to know your colleagues better. Conversations are likely to migrate from work to personal life and you’ll be able to find common ground with your co-workers, discover more about where they’re from, what their hobbies are and hopefully develop some friendships. Say Yes to Invitations Likewise, if someone in the office extends an invitation to you, make sure you accept unless you have a prior commitment you absolutely can’t break. If someone invites you to their home, bring a gift such as flowers or a bottle of wine or something that you know they like. Create a Company Sporting Event If you enjoy a particular sport such as Frisbee, soccer, volleyball or any other sport, you may want to invite the rest of the office to participate with you. That way you can combine an activity you already practice with the rest of the office. Hopefully it will be fun and spark some healthy competition. Remember People’s Birthdays You’re likely to add most of your co-workers to your social networks so pay attention when someone’s birthday comes up. A simple â€Å"Happy Birthday† said in person can be a nice gesture. Likewise with other celebrations such as anniversaries and other holidays. It may not sound like much but just going out of your way to extend a greeting to someone on a special day can go a long way. Bring in Some Treats How does that old saying go? The way to a co-worker’s heart is through their stomach? Well, even if that’s not the way it goes, it’s still true. Bringing in some home-made snacks can score you points with your colleagues. Ask Someone to Collaborate on a Project With You If you’re working on something alone but think the project can be served better by combining with another co-worker’s talent, ask them if they would like to come onboard. Of course, get your supervisor’s permission first, but if they say yes, it could be a great way to enhance your professional relationships and get more experience working as a team. Above all, be polite, respectful and friendly and you’ll be making office friends in no time.

Hayao Miyazaki Essay Example

Hayao Miyazaki Essay Example Hayao Miyazaki Essay Hayao Miyazaki Essay Hayao Miyazaki is a very influential part of my choice of my career, having seen so many of his movies as a child and now still watching them, it has done nothing but continue to fuel my love of animation. He began to work as an animator at studio Toei Douga in 1963, grabbing everyones attention with his amazing art works and ideas. In 1973 after transferring to Nippon Animation, there he was able to bring about some classics such as: Lupin the Third: The Castle of Cagliostro (1979) and Nausicaa of the Valley of the Wind (1984). The success of the film (Nausicaa of the Valley of the Wind (1984)) brought him toa place in his life where he was able to start his very own animation studio; Studio Ghibli. All this success from Hayao Miyazaki honing his natural ability of art and embracing all the strange ideas he has had for beautiful movies has brought me lots of hope for when I am feeling like all I turn out is chicken scratch. His efforts have never been fruitless in making everyone, including people who do not watch Anime, enjoy his movies. Spirited Away (2001) Image Source: irdasianews. com/store/spirited- sen-chihiro-kamikakushi/ In this image we have the female protagonist Chihiro solidifying the relationship with one of her first friends, Haku. Some of the noticeable elements in this image are the difference in shading between animated character and background, the lines that outline their bodies, and the emotion on their faces. As the main protagonist, Chihiro has a red uniform, part of the primary colo rs, it shows her status as a main element. Next to her is Haku, who is also in a primary color of blue. : The two characters colors can depict their personalities as well, Chihiro who shows her emotions on her sleeve and feels them heavily and intensely. Haku is in cool under tones, not only because he is more of a side kick, but because his personality is rather hidden and although very deep he does not show it. My Neighbor Totoro (1988) Image Source: http://doublefeatureshow. com/2012/08/the- iron-giant-my-neighbor-totoro. html Here we have a picture of the movie My Neighbor Totoro, there are the three main characters in this image. Totoro, Satsuki, and on Satsukis back, Mel. In this scene, we see hue (primary color of yellow), value (the brightness over the children, the darkness over totoro and the forest), temperature (the warmth of orange and yellow and red from the light, the coolness of the dark blue and green in the forest and on Totoro), and lastly, intensity ( the main characters coloring compared to the background. ) Ponyo (2008) Image Source: http:// www. fanpop. com/clubs/ponyo-on-the-cliff-by-the-sea/images/30547637/title/ponyo- screencaps-photo Ponyo loves ham! Ponyo is a sweet little protagonist in this movie, er and her human friend Sosuke are what keep the film light-hearted as well as all of the bright hues and values. Ponyo is adorned in red, still symbolic of the primary status we discussed earlier, but temperature is a cooler red to help bring harmony with the cool tones of the ocean and background scenery, and a softer more childish image to her personality. The very flow of the lines drawn create a lot of dynamic movement, which I believe to be one of Hayao Miyazakis greatest skills. The tousled look of the characters hair and the wide eyed look in their eyes express the many

A Case Study In Chinese Independent Secondary Schools Education Essay

A Case Study In Chinese Independent Secondary Schools Education Essay This study is to examine the role of leadership in teacher professional development in Chinese Independent Secondary Schools in Klang Valley. The specific variables that will be investigated include teachers’ perceptions of teacher professional development; teachers’ expectations as well as the principal’s role in facilitating teacher professional development. Developments in leadership will lead to changes in the ways teachers work. These will subsequently increase the need to review teacher professional development. The purpose of this research is to establish how the dual of the principal and the teachers manifests itself in professional development. This research will be significant as it will examine the voices of teachers on how leadership contributes to teacher professional development. The research will be conducted using qualitative methodology. It will be based on a case study of two Chinese Independent Secondary Schools in Klang Valley. Data will be c ollected using questionnaires and follow up interviews which will be administered to elicit responses from principals, deputy principals and teachers in both schools. The findings will reveal the need for teachers in Chinese Independent Secondary Schools in Klang Valley to engage more in teacher professional development programmes in order for them to have a better understanding of the concept. This study will also demonstrate if teacher professional development should be the core work of both the principals and teachers in order to create a learning environment in their schools so that both can develop professionally. Based on the results obtained in this study, we will determine if Chinese Independent Secondary Schools in Klang Valley need more awareness in teacher professional development and how it will influence the leadership. Keywords: Leadership, Principals, Teachers, Teacher Professional Development, Teaching and Learning 1.0 INTRODUCTION Having been a teacher for ten years and now majoring in educational management, I am very much interested in finding out the effects of school leadership on the professional development of the teachers in the Chinese Independent Secondary Schools in Selangor. Chinese Secondary Independent Schools are solely governed by The United Chinese School Committees Association of Malaysia (UCSCAM) which coordinates the curriculum used in the schools and organizes the Unified Examination Certificate (UEC) standardized test. Generally teachers are not employed through the professional teachers training colleges in Malaysia rather they are appointed through individual school administration which is governed by the directors (share holders) of the school as they are not governed by any central system therefore school management is based on the individual school superiors. As a teacher from a Chinese Independent Secondary School, I had been involved in various professional development programmes in school. These programmes were mos tly conducted during school hours and often during the school holidays. Thus it is my interest to find out how the school leadership contributes in molding and producing teachers who are as competent as the trained teachers by the Teachers Training Colleges under the Malaysia Education System. This is because this will determine whether the Chinese Secondary Independent Schools are producing individuals who are intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically balanced and harmonic, based on a firm belief in and devotion to God, in line with the goals of the Malaysian National Philosophy of Education.

Concentrating Solar Power Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Concentrating Solar Power - Essay Example The Supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle is being investigated on how it produces its energy. The cycle is ideal because it is easy to be transported from one location to another and it can also be effective in reducing costs because it uses very technical turbo machineries. Its ability to achieve efficiency is brought by the manner in which the supercritical CO2 behaves when it is near critical points. The high power density that the supercritical CO2 manages to achieve is the composition of the fluid that it has in the turbo machinery is of high density too, an approximate of 60% the water density at the inlet of the compressor (Ma & Turchi, 2011). Investigations for the supercritical CO2 cycle is being done Sandia and its contractor, Baarber Nicholas Inc. because of the cycle has a high efficiency in temperatures between 400 C and 750 C. the investigation is being done in phases of a development program in the DOE Office of Nuclear Energy and Sandia National Labs. The main objective of the investigation is to realize the technology impact s of the Supercritical CO2 cycle. The first phase which is also called the first loop of the investigation is a compression loop that will be done using motor to run the radial Supercritical CO2 compressor. The objective of this phase of the investigation will be: The type of technology that will be required to bear the weight, technology for sealing, bear gas-foil and how to counter the rotor wind age losses which are required for the cycle to be able to reach its effectiveness and how it reduces the costs which are its main aims. The second phase of the investigation called the second loop that has been designed is a megawatt heater-class closed Superscript CO2 Brayton cycle. This process is called the ‘re-compression’. In this phase the cycle will show how it will be used in sources of

Personal Plan Marketing Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Plan Marketing - Personal Statement Example Having been a student leader through high school ad my college life, I have developed greater interest in pursuing political career in the future with no less an ambition than being a president after retiring from my professional career. The high self-esteem that people often point of me has been and continues to be my strength and this nurtures my high aspirations. Being honest, hardworking and maintaining high level of integrity are main virtues that are so true in defining myself, and these, I attribute to my loving mum and my teachers, who have taught me throughout my upbringing. Nevertheless, one would almost get a perception of a very serious guy in me but surprise would be to learn that I am one of the lightest persons you can ever meet. Life has taught me to take every opportunity that comes my way; in joy and in sorrow and make best of it. This therefore has trained me to be very sociable and at the same time very serious when it comes to matters that require such. Religion is also part of my life and I always spare my time for serving God amidst my tight schedules as my religious background has taught me. Having been born 23 years ago in the countryside, I must count myself to have experienced the taste of two centuries; the 20th and 21stcentury, which are differentiated by quality of living and sense of importance. My childhood, much of which was experienced through the late years of 20th century, had nothing at all to celebrate due to much suffering in hunger, poor living standards and poor economic status back in the village. However, life has turned a bit for the better as it continues to experience the good of the transition in century through education which has enabled me fetch some income from periodic employments and hence I am continually transforming the living of my family and myself. I must therefore appreciate my background for continually shaping me for who I am now. I have developed great zeal in hard

The era of the plutocrats Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The era of the plutocrats - Essay Example He was not merely a financier and a banker but a philanthropist and an art collector. He gained his education in both US and Germany. He was trained as an accountant at Sherman and Company and in 1867, was transferred to his father's banking company Drexel, Morgan and Company where he became a partner in 10 years. In 1895, the company was renamed as J. P. Morgan and became a world renowned banking house. He was responsible for arranging the merger between Edison General Electric and Thompson-Houson Electric Company. The new company formed, General Electric came on to become the main electrical equipment manufacturing company in the country. He financed Federal Steel Company and merged it with Carnegie Steel Company which came on to become United States Steel Corporation. With the help of his network in London, he was able to attract British investment for growing industrial corporations in the U.S. as he played a major role in attaining capital for companies. He became a member of th e board of directors of many of these companies, most of which were rail road companies. This meant that by 1902, Morgan had control over 8,000 km of railroads in America. To gain control over major corporations, he concentrated his efforts on acquiring control of several banks and insurance companies. He was at times criticized for his hunger for power and his urge for gaining control (Simkin, JP Morgan) Andrew Carnegie was born on November 25th, 1835, in Dunfermline, Scotland to a handloom weaver. The Carnegie family had to immigrate to the United States in 1848 because of the economic depression. In America, Andrew began to work at the age of 12 at a local cotton factory while pursuing his education by attending night school. At 14, Andrew Carnegie took the job of messenger boy where his talent was duly noticed by the superintendent of the western division of the company, Thomas A. Scott. When during the Civil War Scott was made secretary, he took Carnegie along with him to Washi ngton to work as his right-hand man. Organizing the military telegraph system was part of Carnegie’s job. On becoming superintendent, Carnegie wisely invested in many promising ventures, one of which was Woodruff Sleeping Car Company and many other small iron mills and factories, the most important of which was the company which he owned a one-fifth share in: Keystone Bridge. Some of the major milestones he achieved include the opening of his steel furnace at Braddock, writing a series of books and articles through which he voiced his opinions that the rich should help the poor and a man that dies rich is disgraced. He also set up a fund which finances 3,000 public libraries (380 in Britain), the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, the Carnegie Institute of Technology and the Carnegie Institution of Washington. By the time of his death, he had donated $350,000,000 (Simkin, Andrew Carnegie). Born in New York in 1839, John Davidson Rockefeller at the young age of 16 became a cler k in a commission house. He wanted to work for himself and in 1850 by saving every penny he earned, he with an Englishman, Maurice Clark, opened his own company, Clark & Rockefeller Produce and Commission which sold farm implements, fertilizers and household goods. He sold his successful business for the more lucrative business of refining crude oil and started a company called Standard Oil. He was able to minimize costs by setting up an exclusive deal

How Have Changes In The World Economy Since 1945 Affected Room For Essay

How Have Changes In The World Economy Since 1945 Affected Room For Manoeuvre Of Multinational Firms - Essay Example The end of the Second World War brought about a variety of global changes, from the political, to the economic, the social, and the cultural. These changes helped the global recovery of many countries which were damaged by the war. Significant investments to industries and rebuilding activities were made by various corporations soon after WWII and these activities were spread out in various parts of the globe. These activities have impacted significantly on how corporations have carried out their activities. Eventually, multinational corporations rose from the ravages of the Second World War via numerous branches in different parts of the world. Various economic opportunities gave these MNCs a chance to grow; however, it also presented them with significant challenges in terms of competitive advantages and profitability. Based on these considerations and under these conditions, this paper shall now discuss how the changes in the world economy since 1945 have presented room for manoeu vre of multinational corporations. It shall discuss the significant changes seen after World War II and how these changes have provided an avenue for the expansion of multinational corporations. ... Some of these corporations opted to close their operations in these former Asian colonies, most likely in order to keep the secret of their technologies. These corporations also became more guarded with their technology, choosing to withdraw their operations from the countries rather than to allow the host nations to control these operations (Shaikh, 2010). In effect, the subsidiary operations of corporations in the former colonies declined. Through increased tariff and legislative restrictions on the corporations, corporate activities continued to decline (Glyn, 2007). After the Second World War, economic activities increased in pace and this caused MNCs to shift and adjust their activities in order to meet increasing demands on their capital, their labour, and on their legislative local host country policies (Glyn, 2007). These changes presented developmental issues to these corporations within an expanding context of globalisation and liberalism. However, just as the more liberal economic processes have presented better opportunities for expansion, these have also served to impose legislative limitations to economic growth and development (Arrighi, 1994). This discussion shall evolve around the changes and the challenges which multinational corporations have been faced with in the years following the Second World War and the changes which these MNCs have had to make in order to thrive and survive in the post-WWII era. B. Historical context and scenario for MNCs following the WWII A major shift in macroeconomic considerations and policies after WWII has been seen and this shift has been considered as a major move by Western nations using Keynesian policies to the liberal and free-market policies (Mohamed, 2008). This change has been considered ideological and is

Explication paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Explication paper - Essay Example If the two resemble each other in the world’s image, he makes us undeniably reminisce of John Wyndham. It is constantly tricky to evaluate an amalgamation of anything as compared to a solitary unit, but inside its sparingly defined surrounding The Fat Man possesses a superseding style that connects the tales together. (It is probable that what proposed the relation with Magritte to the editors). This tale option is the center on character associations as a macrocosm of the broader surrounding, as compared to associations as an ingredient to it. The expression macrocosm is perceived to be the precise depiction of the broader proceedings as reflections of the parameters than it is to depict or explain those parameters as reflection s of the novel communal and ecological landscape. In addition, since the attention on character is so close up, obtrusive, the peripheral world has gone out of attraction. Carla and Paul are not bulged to provide an affectionate concern to a plot centering on the likelihood of genetic modification, they are the consequence of that likelihood being an acknowledged section of the community. It is evident that Mort and Lily are not focusing on the menace of the ecological devastation, the consequence of lax quarantine decrees in the space travel period. Both parties could not care a little less and the actual harm of the narrative is the harm to their association and not the globe’s ecology. In multiple manners, Carey has a technique to narrate that is more evocative of Wyndham who was extensively explained by Aldiss Brian that he was the spreader of the â€Å"cosy catastrophe†. In Carey’s individual cosy upheaval, his personal domestic dreams, the situation of the novel world of the prospects is depicted in brief brushstrokes on the perimeter of the canvas. In this novel, Alexander Finch might internally bar against the novel political array. He and his associate housemates might fantasize on blasting down the statue of

Topic to be decided summative assessment for master of midwifery Essay

Topic to be decided summative assessment for master of midwifery research methods - Essay Example However, it is worthy to note from the onset that there exist a good number of differences between the two study approaches. The existence of similarities is also another feature that this paper will attempt to bring out. It should be noted however that this paper gives precedence to the medical field specifically on midwifery and nursing. This paper attempts to look at what differentiates the two and at the same time what distances the two approaches. In this paper, the attempt is made to draw the distinctions between the two approaches. The paper will also present arguments as to why the two can be used on a complimentary scale as opposed to ignorance amongst them. In this paper the blending need will also be explored. A good medical research recognizes the interdependent nature between qualitative and quantitative research methods of inquiry. Unfortunately, having made the realization that the two methodological paradigms are quite complimentary, there exist a few stumbling blocks that make their application impossible due to some difference. To begin with, qualitative and quantitative approaches to research often use different sets of assumptions. These differences run across the fact that the two methods’ assumptions and world views are antagonistically orchestrated. To add more to this, their ways of learning differ significantly. A closer look into these assumptions delivers a view that portrays them as inevitably irreconcilable. This may explain why researchers are more often asked to focus on one of the methods while engaging in any kind of research. This is taught to allow them the freedom and the comfort to handle their daily learning and study activities. This may be the reason why the different exponents of the approaches appear to lean to their choice of approaches with little or complete disregard to the other. In that respect, the two approaches are rarely

Explication paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Explication paper - Essay Example If the two resemble each other in the world’s image, he makes us undeniably reminisce of John Wyndham. It is constantly tricky to evaluate an amalgamation of anything as compared to a solitary unit, but inside its sparingly defined surrounding The Fat Man possesses a superseding style that connects the tales together. (It is probable that what proposed the relation with Magritte to the editors). This tale option is the center on character associations as a macrocosm of the broader surrounding, as compared to associations as an ingredient to it. The expression macrocosm is perceived to be the precise depiction of the broader proceedings as reflections of the parameters than it is to depict or explain those parameters as reflection s of the novel communal and ecological landscape. In addition, since the attention on character is so close up, obtrusive, the peripheral world has gone out of attraction. Carla and Paul are not bulged to provide an affectionate concern to a plot centering on the likelihood of genetic modification, they are the consequence of that likelihood being an acknowledged section of the community. It is evident that Mort and Lily are not focusing on the menace of the ecological devastation, the consequence of lax quarantine decrees in the space travel period. Both parties could not care a little less and the actual harm of the narrative is the harm to their association and not the globe’s ecology. In multiple manners, Carey has a technique to narrate that is more evocative of Wyndham who was extensively explained by Aldiss Brian that he was the spreader of the â€Å"cosy catastrophe†. In Carey’s individual cosy upheaval, his personal domestic dreams, the situation of the novel world of the prospects is depicted in brief brushstrokes on the perimeter of the canvas. In this novel, Alexander Finch might internally bar against the novel political array. He and his associate housemates might fantasize on blasting down the statue of

Annotated Bibliography Essay Example for Free

Annotated Bibliography Essay In this assessment I shall describe an Annotated Bibliography on Autistic Spectrum Disorder. The important factors of inclusion in educational settings will be discussed and how parents as partners can help children’s development. Autism is a condition which affects children’s development their whole life. Autism is a brain disorder that is diagnosed normally in early childhood and autistic children can show bad behaviour and can become fairly aggressive and temperamental. Many education settings have provided additional support to young children alongside other children, however this is to include an inclusive practice. Children with autism have many difficulties in three main areas: 1) Social Awareness Find making friends and interacting with others very difficult, and do not always make eye contact when someone is talking to them. 2) Language Communication Find it hard to explain how their feeling and what their thinking and they also communicate in high pitch tones and have severe delay in speech. 3) Imagination – Do not always understand that others have thoughts and feelings and have limited imagination. Reid (2005, p.29) quotes â€Å"There may also be evidence of obsessive and inappropriate behaviours. Some students within this spectrum may also have limited imaginative thought†. In society before, children with autism were misunderstood and their negative behaviour was labelled and because of their negative behaviour children were punished frequently. During that time there was no guidance and support available for children with autism from the government and local authorities. There was none specialised equipment/resources for children to learn and develop further, which would help with this particular disability. There are many barriers for children with autism in mainstream schools like adapting activities, schools may not have enough space and specialised equipment for making the activity adaptable. Children may have certain needs to be tended to so staff need to be trained to deal with children with autism, so some staff would need further training. However, another barrier could be that the parents do not admit that their child has autism, so parents do not attend meetings with staff and acquire the right guidance and support. Some parents may feel that their child is not normal, as the community they come from might have an ideal image of a family, for instance referring to a child who has perfect physical appearance. The medical model sees society or a practice to cure a disability to fit into society, and the social model sees that the child is not the problem, but the attitudes towards disability is the problem. Adults need to provide children with a safe and enabling environment for them to learn and develop in, so children with autism should be treated equally and fairly, like all children and must feel included in their environment. Meanwhile, when providing activities for children with autism adults must give children time for themselves and let them explore, so they can learn at their own pace. Reid (2005, p. 29) states that â€Å"It is important to allow for opportunities that will enable the student some time on his/her own†. However the adult should also involve other children when doing a specific activity for the child with autism, so the child does not feel alone, even though children with autism prefer to play alone. The adult should support and encourage the child and help them complete the activity, by helping the child using hand in hand contact for example the adult holding the child’s hand etc. The adult’s role is to talk to the children slowly and calmly, and use simple words so they understand and an effort should be made towards them so they feel the sense of security. Vygotsky was a theorist and his theory was on the Zone of Potential Development (ZPD), his theory stresses the importance of when a more knowledgeable adult/child helps a less knowledgeable child, so by helping him/her complete the task he/she could not done alone, he called this ZPD. Vygotsky saw that adults need to be involved with children strongly. Lindon (1998, p.66) clearly states â€Å"He saw early language as an important social tool for children which brought them deliberately into contact with others†. Adults should provide children with activities where they can use all their senses like touch, smell, taste, sound and sight, so providing them toys with flashing lights, soft toys and puppets which will show affection etc. Vygotskys theory is seen as a scaffolding process where the child imitates the practitioner’s actions, and is a one to one process centring the child individual needs first. Involving parents in these situations can be very difficult, so it is very important to build a relationship with trust and respect, this will help the parent to feel comfortable. Cheminais (2006, p. 101) quotes that â€Å"Clear communication and mutual respect help to promote positive productive working relationships between the two partners†. In my nursery we have a folder for a child with autism and in that folder we have IEP sheets where we constantly observe and monitor the child. We also give some IEP sheets to the parent as well so they also monitor the child at home, this helps us to see how the child is doing at home and at nursery. We then have meetings with the parents, where we can discuss the child’s progress, this helps us to see the stage of development. Furthermore these sheets help us to plan and provide for the child further. Communication books can also help as the parent can read them, as this will have the child’s daily routine written in, so parents will feel reassured that their child is safe. (Johnston and William, 2009, p.399-402) Schools and settings can support children with autism by having SENCO’s (Special educational needs co-ordinator), so children who need extra support can have one to one attention from one main person. Meanwhile they can provide specialised resources like sensory based toys like flashing light toys. Also having family workers can help children, as they can support and guide parents, by having regular sessions where they can discuss where the child needs help and if necessary involve outside agencies. An inclusive environment for children with autism is essential for children to reach their full potential, as this will build their self esteem and confidence. The environment must be warm and friendly for children and parents, however having posters of children with SEN will help children’s parents see there are many types of SEN children. The room must be facilitated to meet children’s needs for example tables and chairs must be at the child’s level and layout of the room must be spacious for wheelchair users, so ramps and stair lifts must be provided. Activities must be adaptable for children with, so they can participate and learn from different experiences, just like all children. Children with autism must be given a range of resources/specialist equipment, therefore this will meet their needs so they are equally included. Resources like flash cards, textured materials, soft toys, flashing lights, also natural resources aswel like plants, must be provided as children with autism respond to sensing materials. In my nursery where I work, there is a child with autism, he likes to line objects horizontally and vertically and when playing he constantly repeats the same pattern. The child repeats the same pattern again and again, he shows some independence and confidence in this situation, and repeats his schema. Piaget was a theorist and his idea of schema was, Lindon (1998, p. 72) says â€Å"Patterns of behaviour that are linked through a theme and from which a child generalises and explores in different situations†. There are many legal requirements that support the actions which need to be taken when a child may have special needs. The Disability Discrimination Act (1995) supports the actions which need to be taken, with children with SEN; this Act says that it would be illegal for settings not to make reasonable adjustments for people who have a disability. A perfect example of effective practice is Terry, J (2009, p.30) says â€Å"Autism is recognised as a disability under the Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) 1995 (DCSF, 2009), and some children and young people will have associated or additional complex developmental difficulties that require the high level of co-ordinated support delivered by Early Support†. The Special Education Needs Disability Act (2001) also supports children with SEN. This Act is separated in two sections, part one develops the framework of SEN, to reinforce the rights of parents and their children to enter mainstream education and part two develops the Disability Discrimination Act (1995) to expand the rights of SEN children in schools. The main key points of these Acts are that children with disabilities are treated well, and that they are entitled to study the National Curriculum. In conclusion it is very important for schools and settings to provide a learning and friendly environment for children with autism. Therefore they must provide useful and quality resources and specialised equipment to meet children’s individual needs, so children can reach their utmost best, build their self esteem and confidence and also enjoy themselves. Schools and settings can also work with outside agencies and help to meet parents and children’s needs. As a result parents can get advice and support from other professionals and other agencies, on the other hand children’s certain needs can be tend to and learning experiences maximised. All staff must be trained to deal with children with autism so they can observe, plan and provide for children with certain needs which need to be met. So then children can develop their next stage of development, Furthermore parents working with teachers can help children’s development enormously as their needs are most likely to be met. As parents are their primary carers, so they know their child/children’s likes, dislikes and interests. Staff can then plan and provide children with challenging activities which children will enjoy and develop further.

Analysis of Family Waste Production

Analysis of Family Waste Production What is the amount of waste produced by my household Over 42 million cubic meters of general waste is generated every year across the country, with the largest proportion coming from Gauteng (42%). In addition, more than 5 million cubic meters of hazardous waste are produced every year, mostly in Mpumalanga and KZN due to the increase of mining activities and fertilizer production. The amount of waste generated by the average South African is  ± 0.7 kg’s. Which means the average 4 person families produces  ± 2.8 kg’s a day. But the largest contributors to the solid waste stream by far is mining waste ( ± 72.3%), followed by pulverized fuel ash ( ± 6.7%), agricultural waste ( ± 6.1%), urban waste ( ± 4.5%) and sewage sludge ( ± 3.6%). Estimated decomposition rates of most debris found in landfills are: Foamed plastic cups: 50 years Plastic beverage holder: 400 years Disposable diapers: 450 year Plastic bottle: 450 years Fishing line: 600 years. Glass bottle 1 million years Aluminum can: 80-200 years Plastic beverage bottles: 450 years Boot sole: 50-80 years Tin can: 50 years Leather: 50 years Nylon fabric: 30-40 years Plastic film canister: 20-30 years Plastic bag: 10-20 years () Cigarette filter: 1-5 years Wool sock: 1-5 years Plywood: 1-3 years Waxed milk carton: 3 months Apple core: 2 months Newspaper: 6 weeks Paper: 2 to 5 months Banana peel: 2-5 weeks Orange peel: 6 months Paper towel: 2-4 weeks Batteries: 100 years [figure 1.1 in appendix 1] The percentage contribution of each waste stream to the composition of general waste is illustrated in Figure 1 [Appendix 3]. Non-recyclable municipal waste contributes 34% (by weight) of the overall general waste, construction and demolition waste, 21%, followed by metals (14%), organic waste 13% and mainline recyclables (including paper, plastics, glass and tyres )(18%). {See reference page Ref. for sourcing} Hypothesis My family produces a average amount of waste. Aim The aim of this experiment is to view and record my households daily waste generation and compare it to the average waste production of the average South African family. Apparatus Kitchen scale Bag (for measuring weight of bag not included in results) Paper (recording results) Pen (writing down results) Variables Independent Variables The amount of people in my household (does not changed by choice) Dependent variables The amount of waste produced by my household Fixed variables The bag used to take measurements When I take the measurements Method Take the trash and dived it into 6 different categories (glass, plastic, tin, paper cardboard, organics and non-recyclables). Weigh each category separately and record the results Calculate the total for the day Repeat daily for a week calculating the total at the end of the week as well as the averages of each category Repeat for 3 weeks See appendix 2 for results Conclusion I have to say that my results are inconclusive because my findings fluctuate and I was unable to undertake more tests. To improve my results I would Extent the testing period to about least 5 months instead of 3 weeks to view if the results change according to season My household recycles  ± 95% of all of its recyclable materials and all organic materials are either fed to the animals or are thrown onto a compost heap (apart from bones) My family will soon institute a policy of cutting down on the amount of Non-recycleable materials purchased Figure 1.1: Johannesburg city landfill The following tables contain the results of the experiment all measurements are in kilograms Figure 3.1 [The waste composition for general waste, 2011 (percentage by mass), other, which is mainly biomass waste from industrial sources) ] {See reference page Ref 1 for sourcing} Graph and percentages have been adapted from the national waste information baseline report draft 6, 5 September 2012 Published by: Department of Environmental Affairs Monkeyland: South African waste facts http://www.monkeyland.co.za/index.php?comp=articleop=viewid=2790

Teachers and Computers :: Technology Education Essays

Teachers and Computers: The Task Ahead Our world is becoming increasingly dependent on technology. In factories, offices, highways, and homes, one can find a plethora of machines in use. It makes sense then, that one would find some of the same technology in the schools. There is an obvious need for incorporating technology into the schools and curriculum. The task ahead for today’s educators is to learn how to use computers efficiently, develop a technology team in their school, and successfully include computer-based instruction in their classroom. The purpose of this paper is to present a process for bringing computers and teaching together. The first step is to educate the educators. A surprising number of teachers have very limited computer and technological skills. It is ridiculous to think that someone who is technologically inexperienced could teach a lesson involving multimedia presentations or computer simulations. The first standard of the National Educational Technology Standards (NETS) states that teachers need to â€Å"demonstrate introductory knowledge, skills, and understanding of concepts related to technology† (NETS 9) There are eight basic types of technology with which educators need to be familiar. Each one provides a different educational benefit. A word processor encourages editing. Multimedia presentation software provides for different learning styles. Drill and practice software helps to reinforce things that the students have learned. A database helps students find the information that they need. Simulations provide a fun and effective way to learn, in which students take on role s in a story or event. Spreadsheets allow the user to perform several calculations at the same time for easy comparison. Tutorials work well for a group with diverse learning abilities because it provides self-paced instruction. The eighth and final basic technology type is telecollaboration over the internet. This allows students to experience parts of the world that they may never see. With all this technology available the question becomes, how are the teachers going to learn to use it all? The key word here is professional development. Professional development is â€Å"collaboration between partners to provide opportunities for teachers to strengthen their ability to contribute to the students they serve† (George 311). There are many ways teachers can strengthen their ability to contribute to students. One of which is attending seminars.

Historical Account of African-Americans Seeking the American Dream Essa

Historical Account of African-Americans Seeking the American Dream The American Dream began as a vision for the men who framed the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States of America. These two documents provided the foundation upon which the American Dream was built. The reality of the American Dream translated into a nightmare for the African-Americans who had to overcome slavery in order to achieve the ideal that all men are created equally. Their dream did not become a reality with the signing of the Declaration of Independence; in fact, even after slavery was abolished, there was no concrete date established that mandated that whites and African-Americans were equal. The law said the slaves were free; however, society did not consider them equals. The African-American writers utilize the American Dream in their works, but they seem to use it in an interesting manner: connecting to the past in order to realize their future. The slave narratives outline dreams of freedom and often provide insight into the horrors of s lavery, while more contemporary writers use the dream to connect to their characters’ past and the horrors in their lives in order to realize their future. The founding fathers of the United States of America crystalized this country with a "dream". Their dream was a vision of the things they wanted in life and for their country, which was memorialized in the form of the Declaration of Independence. The architects that built this country dreamed that all men would be considered equals and "that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights" including "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness" (Jefferson, 729). The original version of this dream, found in ... ...ument, which made this declaration. The American Dream is a real part of our culture and the dream seems to be a strong theme in the African-American literary canon. Works Cited Bradley, David. The Chaneysville Incident. New York: Harper & Row, 1981. Brent, Linda. Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl. The Classic Slave Narratives. Ed. Henry Louis Gates, Jr. New York: Penguin Group, 1987. Douglass, Frederick. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass. The Classic Slave Narratives. Ed. Henry Louis Gates, Jr. New York: Penguin Group, 1987. Equiano, Olaudah. The Life of Olaudah Equiano. The Classic Slave Narratives. Ed. Henry Louis Gates, Jr. New York: Penguin Group, 1987. King, Jr., Martin Luther. "I Have a Dream." Lincoln Memorial, Washington, D.C. 28 August 1963. Morrison, Toni. Song of Solomon. New York: The Penguin Group, 1977.

Evaluative Essay on fast food restaurants Essay

Walking into some fast food restaurants can be exciting. As soon as you walk in you start to smell their prize winning food, you can feel the heat that is coming from the grills that they use to make your favorite fast foods. You can see the whole restaurant just with one look, there is always people ready to help you order your meal and fast service. That’s the quality’s every fast food restaurant should have and Burger King has all those. Burger King has many competitions from McDonalds to any other small business fast food restaurants, but I can’t seem to like any other fast food restaurant than Burger King. Other fast food restaurants might taste good but still not as good as Burger King grilled whoppers. Many fast food restaurants have their own phrase of words that they like to use like Burger King has â€Å"Have it your way† and McDonalds has â€Å"i’m lovin’ it† first McDonalds phrase word is already spelled incorrectly and doesn’t make sense. Burger Kings â€Å"Have it your way† is true because you can have it your way when you order a whopper you can pick what you want on it. Not many fast food restaurants grill their hamburgers, but Burger King does. Each Whopper you buy has the grill marks on the meet you can’t find that in any other fast food restaurants, nothing in Burger Kings is micro waved everything is grilled and cooked. In McDonalds they microwave their food so you get a saggy hamburger that breaks up when you bite on it so instead of having food in your mouth you have it all over the table. When you order something from Burger Kings menu and you look at the picture on the menu you actually do get what you see on the menu and the size of the whopper that you see is really the way it does look when you get it. Not like McDonalds has a picture of a big hamburger but you actually get a small hamburger that doesn’t fill you up at all. If you like grilled whoppers Burger King is the choice for you, because you can â€Å"Have it your way†. From grilled whoppers to good tasting french fries and onion rings that have their own special sauce, that’s Burger king for you. If you decide to go with â€Å"i’m lovin’ it† that’s your choice because  there is really nothing to love.

Effects of Parents Working Abroad to the Scholastic Performance of Their Children

This study is made to understand the performance, specifically the academic performance, of students without the guidance of their parents or having absentee parents. In studying, parents are important to help guide, teach and lead their children because a child need supports from their loved ones and also discipline to be motivated.It is a parent’s responsibility to take care of their children, it is hard for a student to have no one to guide them especially in their studies because as a student you still need someone to teach you and it is best to learn from you parents. Now-a-days a lot of students live without parents due to certain reasons and in some research it is said that this truly affects the child not only psychologically but also socially and academically. In the University of St.La Salle, there are a number of students with absentee parents (single parent or both absent) and this is why the researcher decided to come up with this study. The focus of this study is not only present inside the campus of the University; it also exists in other schools, other places, other countries or even the whole world. In the world today people cannot avoid this situation maybe because of life difficulties or maybe because of other circumstances.Some reasons why this happen is due to financial problems like parents need to go abroad or leave to look for money to enable to support their family an example are the Overseas Filipino Workers (OFW), another is separation (Divorce or Annulment) of parents which sometimes results to single-parenting and one more example is the death of a loved one. Because of the interesting topic and common issue, the researcher desires to enable this study for people to be aware of this certain problem that students with absentee parents are going through and how it affects their academic performance. Statement of the Problem

Business Law Practice Questions

Business Law Practice Questions MULTIPLE CHOICE (answers at bottom of page) 1. Paul filed a lawsuit for false imprisonment against Dan’s Bookstore. During a visit to Dan’s Bookstore, Dan stopped Paul as he left the store. Dan accused Paul of stealing a book from the store. After briefly looking into Paul’s shopping bag, Dan determined that Paul did not shoplift. He apologized to Paul and released him. On these facts, Dan will likely: a. b. c. win the case, because the shopkeepers’ privilege statute gives store merchants unconditional immunity (protection) from such lawsuits. lose the case, because Paul did not shoplift. in the case, but only if a court or trier of fact concludes that Dan had reasonable cause to believe Paul may have shoplifted, detained him for a reasonable time, and in a reasonable manner. lose the case, because Dan did not have a warrant. d.2. Bonds wrote McGuire, â€Å"I will sell you my house and lot at 419 West Lombard Street, San Fr ancisco, California for $950,000 payable upon merchantable deed, deal to be completed within 60 days of the date of your acceptance. † Assuming that Bonds’ letter contains terms which are deemed sufficiently certain and definite, which of the following statements is correct? . Bonds’ letter is not an offer unless Bonds intended it to be an offer. b. Bonds’ letter is not an offer unless McGuire thought Bonds intended to make an offer. c. Bonds’ letter is an offer if a reasonable person with full knowledge of the circumstances would be justified in thinking it was intended as an offer.. d. Bonds’ letter is not a offer unless both Bonds and McGuire considered it as an offer. 3. Iverson Jewelers wrote a letter to Miller, â€Å"We have received an exceptionally fine self winding Rolox watch which we will sell to you at a very favorable price. † a. b. c. d.The letter is an offer to sell. A valid offer cannot be made by letter. The letter con tains a valid offer which will terminate within a reasonable time. The letter lacks one of the essential elements of an offer. 4. Don was negligently driving south on Merdock Avenue when his car rear-ended a car driven by Patty. The force of the impact forced Patty to rear-end Terry’s car. In turn, the force of the second impact caused Terry’s car to hit a lamppost, which then fell on a house owned by Paul. The force of the impact scared Paul, causing him to immediately have a heart attack.Paul sues Don for negligence. If Paul recovers, the most likely reason is: a. b. c. d. Paul was able to prove that Don proximately caused Paul’s injuries. Paul was able to prove that the damages he suffered were actually caused by Don. Paul was able to prove that Don breached a duty of due care owed by Don to Paul. Paul was able to prove all of the above (a, b & c). 5. Sammy agreed to sell and Larry agreed to buy Sammy’s car for $400, payable upon delivery. Sammy delive red and left the car with Larry. However, Larry failed to pay Sammy the $400.After eight years had passed following the delivery and acceptance of the car by Larry, Sammy sued Larry in state court for failure to pay him the $400. Based only on the above stated facts, which of the following statement is most accurate? Assume the UCC applies and the statute of limitations for oral contracts is two years and for written contracts is four years. a. No contract was ever created between Sammy and Larry. b. A contract was created but likely not enforceable because the statute of limitations has expired. c. A contract was created, but it is only enforceable if it is in writing. d.A contract was created and is enforceable. 6. Bill purchased a can of Sipep from the Ajax Minimart. After he finished drinking the Sipep, Bill noticed that the can contained dead insects stuck on the inside bottom of the can. In a strict product liability tort action against Ajax, Bill must prove, among other thing s, that: a. b. c. d. Ajax is a merchant selling Sipep. Ajax knew or should have known of the defective condition. Ajax had prior notice of other similar problems with Sipep products. Ajax actually placed the dead insects into the can.7. Under which of the following situations does strict product liability apply? . b. c. d. Sale of a defective and unreasonably dangerous product. Manufacture of a defective and unreasonably dangerous product. Both (a) and (b) are correct. Neither (a) nor (b) are correct. 8. On May 1, Back-Talk Computer Store offerd to sell five (5) computer servers to Gatekeeper Company for $5,000. 00 each, delivery to be on May 30. Later that day (May 1), Gatekeeper responded that it would buy the computers only if they were delivered within three business days. Back-Talk notified Gatekeeper the next day, May 2, that it would not be able to deliver the goods within the time requested by Gatekeeper.Which of the following is true regarding Back-Talk's offer? a. There is no contract between Back-Talk and Gatekeeper. b. Gatekeeper's additional term became part of the contract, so Back-Talk is obligated to deliver the goods within three business days. c. Back-Talk's offer was accepted by Gatekeeper d. Gatekeeper may later accept Back-Talk’s May 1 offer if it is then willing to accept delivery in four weeks. 9. The body of law which establishes rights between persons and provides for redress for violation of those rights is known as: a. b. c. d. Criminal Law. Civil Law.The Uniform Commercial Code. Stare decisis. 10. Donny threw a knife at Sally, intending to injure her severely. However, Donny missed Sally. Sally saw the knife just as it whizzed by her head, missing it by about one inch. As a result, Sally was very scared. Sally sued Donny for assault and battery. Which of the following is most correct? a. b. c. d. Donny will be liable for battery, but not assault. Donny will be liable for assault, but not battery. Donny will be liable for assa ult and for battery. Donny will not be liable for either assault or battery because this is only a criminal matter. 1. In most states the following types of contracts are within the statute of frauds. a. b. c. d. Contracts for the sale of an interest in personal property. Contracts that can be performed within a year from the date of their formation. Contracts for the sale of goods. Contract sfor the sale of goods for a price of $500 or more. 12. On May 1, 2005, Eckerly Realty Inc. mailed a written offer to Masse for the sale of an office building. The offer included an express term that it would expire on June 30, 2005 if the acceptance was not delivered into the hands of the offeror by the expiration date.On June 30, 2005 at 8:00 a. m. , Masse sent a written acceptance to Eckerly via Masse’s personal messenger. However, the messenger was not able to deliver the acceptance until July 1, 2005. On July 2, 2005, Eckerly contacted Masse, informing him that the acceptance had bee n delivered one day late. As a result, Eckerly refused to honor the acceptance. Which of the following is the most correct statement? a. There is no contract between Eckerly and Masse. However, if Masse would have mailed the acceptance on June 30, 2005, a contract would have been created. b. There is a contract between Eckerly and Masse.The moment that Masse gave the acceptance to the messenger, a contract was formed because acceptances are valid immediately upon dispatch. c. There is a contract between Eckerly and Masse. The fact that the acceptance arrived only one day late is of no significance. d. There is no contract between Eckerly and Masse. 13. Which of the following statements is correct concerning the â€Å"reasonable person† standard in tort law? a. The reasonable person standard varies from person to person. b. The reasonable person standard focuses on the defendant’s subjective mental state rather than on the defendant’s behavior. c.A person with a physical disability must act as would a reasonable person with the same disability. d. A person with a mental disability must act as would a person with the same mental disability. 14. Robert makes the following statement while negotiating the sale of his car, â€Å"This is the sharpest car on the market. † His statement may support a claim for: a. b. c. d. misrepresentation. fraud. fraud and misrepresentation. none of the above. 15. Paula rented an apartment to Dave for $500 per month. Paula and Dave signed a one-year lease, to be effective beginning January 1st. After three months, Dave decided that he did not like the apartment.He gave Paula a 30-day written notice, stating that he would vacate the rental unit at the end of the thirty days, which was April 30th. Upon receipt of Dave’s notice, Paula made reasonable efforts to find a new tenant. Nevertheless, the apartment remained vacant from May 1 st. through June 30 th. Paula re-rented the apartment beginning July 1 st. for one year. Paula sues Dave in small claims court. What is the likely outcome? a. Paula is entitled to the balance of the lease, or $4,000, because Dave did not have a valid reason to breach the contract. b. Paula is entitled to nothing, because Dave gave Paula thirty-days written notice. c.Paula is entitled to $1,000, because she tried to find another tenant immediately upon learning of Dave’s intent to breach the contract, but was unable to re-lease the apartment until July 1 st. d. Paula is entitled to $500, which represents one-month’s rent. 16. Tom and Jerry entered into a contract whereby Tom agreed to sell Jerry $1,000 worth of heroin, an illegal substance. This is an example of a: a. b. c. d. quasi contract. void contract. voidable contract. secondary party beneficiary contract. Revised: 01/06 Answers to Business Law Practice Questions 1. c 2. c 3. d 4. d 5. b 6. a 7. c 8. a 9. b 10. b 11. d 12. d 13. c 14. d 15. c 16. b