Fraud and Highest Embezzlement Case

Embezzlement: Attempting to Find the Easy Way Out Name School Envy and greed has existed since the beginning of time. Maybe we are born with those traits or maybe we are taught through life’s lessons. The rich are perceived as having a carefree un-stress-filled life. The reality shows and news stories of the wealthy buying yachts, taking lavish vacations with their Barbie doll mate, summer homes that are actually castles and extravagant parties. The rest of the world seems to be the servants of the wealthy. How can society not be envious or greedy to obtain what the few have in their life?Part of society is happy with their position in life; just being able to pay the bills, and take care of their family is what drives them. However, the other part of society wonder, â€Å"How have some individuals been gifted with monetary wealth? †, and their resentment builds. The â€Å"Get Rich† schemes are created. The individuals trying to make the quick buck will pressure their friends and family into buying the Mary Kay, Tupperware, or lending money to place bets on Sport games or a gambling weekend at the casino. All this under the assumption that they will make a great deal of money, and earn the respect of the wealthy elite.The most well know form of money schemes is embezzlement. An understanding definition of embezzlement comes from Global Legal Resources; it states: Embezzlement is a criminal offense which involves the fraudulent and secret misappropriation of money or assets by an agent to who the property has been entrusted. This occurs when a person obtains possession of the goods or money in legal, proper manner, but then appropriates them for his/her use without the rightful owner’s permission. Six (6) cases of embezzlement stand out in Modern day History.The first case is about Yasuyoshi Kato in 1997 who managed to steal $132 million from Day-Lee Foods, Inc. of Santa Fe Springs, California. At the time, Yasuyoshi was the Chief Fin ancial Offer of Day-Lee Foods. He managed to keep the game up for six (6) years by fraud and forged checks. Yasuyoshi, a Japanese citizen, wrote checks to himself and his wife, from the various companies’ accounts over the six (6) years. He even was so arrogant that he took out bank loans under the company’s name and manipulated the accounting books to cover the theft. Yasuyoshi bought umerous luxury homes, a citrus ranch, premium vehicles, unstable business ventures that failed, jewelry and extraordinary animals. He blamed his wife in court on the reasoning on why he performed the embezzlement. Stating she was always unsatisfied. Yasuyoshi was even so ignorant that when he was asked where the money was coming from, he stated he was a secret inventor of Nintendo. In 1997, Yasuyoshi Kato plead guilty to six felony counts. They ranged from mail fraud (Statute 18 U. S. C. Section 1341) to wire fraud (Statute 18 U. S. C. Section 1343).In the end, he was sentenced to 63 mon ths in a federal state prison and an additional five years of probation. This was the maximum sentencing at this time. (Marquet, 2010) The second largest case of embezzlement was Gilbert Beesmyer of Guarantee Building & Loan Association of Hollywood, California. He was found guilty in December of 1930 (Statute 18 U. S. C. Section 981), and length of the fraud is unknown but assumed to be less than one year. Beesemyer was able to steal the equivalent of $100 million in 2010 dollars using his position within the company as the founder, general secretary and manager.The Guarantee Building and Loan Association went broke because of Beesemyer’s actions. He stole the money in form of overdraft penalties, and repeatedly stated he planned to repay the money. Even though he was sentenced to 10 to 100 years to the San Quentin prison, he was released under parole in 1940. The community that had invested in Beesemyer’s bank was destroyed. Businesses failed, 2,500 families went bro ke, individuals went to asylums and thirty committed suicide. In the end, Beesemyer was able to live his life out to the fullest at age 97 in Baltimore Maryland. Marquet, 2010) Ricardo Carrasco, a Uruguayan national, was able to embezzle $97. 7 million from the BankBoston Corp located in Boston Massachusetts. As the same as the Beesemyer’s case, officials were unable to determine the length of the fraud. He was uncovered in 1998 at the age of 41. Yet, Carrasco suspected that the bank officials finally caught on to him, so he went into hiding. Carrasco started his association with the BankBoston Corp in 1977 at the Uruguayan branch. In 1998, the bank transferred him the Boston location. Carrasco executed fraudulent loans to an Oldemar Laborda in Argentina.Oldemar Laborda has been known for having a highly suspicious past. The FDIC ordered Carrasco to repay $73 million. The bank wrote off $66 million and even offered a $10,000 reward for information leading to his arrest. But t o this day, he remains a fugitive. (Marquet, 2010) The Chief Operating Officer of Tenens Corp. , dba Essex Street Associates of Beverly Massachusetts embezzled for seven years the amount of $72. 3 million. John Doorly started with the company as a clerk, and with hard work, was able to rise to the CFO position. The clients trusted him, the company trusted him.In the seven years, he transferred assets from the clients trust accounts to his own personal accounts. Doorly established personal credit cards that the company unknowing paid for. He even overcharged clients in the excess of $61 million for his services and so-called expenses on over-seeing their accounts. Doorly spent the money on gifts for his wife and mistress, and apartment for his son, vehicles, travel, airplanes and numerous failed business ventures. He forged the statements that were mailed to the clients, and even went as far as to deceive the outside auditors.Doorly’s new assistant, Kim Borans, was the one who found irregularities in the accounts. She immediately went to one of the officers of Tenens Corp to report her findings and suspicion of embezzlement. Doorly was fired and a forensic internal audit was conducted of his accounts. On March 201, Doorly was sentenced to 17-1/2 years to a federal prison. (Marquet, 2010) The fifth highest embezzlement case is Ausuf Umar Siddiqui, the vice president of Merchandising and Operations of Fry’s Electronics located in San Jose, California. He pled guilty of vendor fraud and kickbacks in the theft of $69 million.The scheme began in January 2005 and ended when he was finally caught in November 2008. Siddiqui had a base salary of $225,000 a year and was the supervisor of 120 employees in purchasing department. His department was responsible for purchasing merchandise on all Fry’s 34 locations. Siddiqui even went as far is to set-up a dummy vendor where he could embezzle the money. He stole the money to satisfy his gambling habit and the need to live the high life. At the time Siddiqui was caught he was being sued by three casinos, Planet Hollywood, Palms Casino and Trump Taj Mahal, for outstanding debt on gambling.Venetian Resort and Casino in Las Vegas reported that he gambled $17. 9 million dollars with them alone. An investigation showed that his gambling debt over a ten-year period is approximately $167 million. (Marquet, 2010) A case the hits close to home is the Koss Corporation. Sjuata Sachdeva was the Chief Financial Officer of Koss Corporation located in Milwaukee Wisconsin. She began her career with the company as a temporary worker, and within one year was promoted to vice president of finance. Over a span of twelve years, Sachdeva was able to embezzle $40. million by fraudulent funds transfers. She approved at least 204 wire transfers of funds from the company bank accounts to her personal American Express credit card. Also, Sachdeva issued more than 500 cashier’s checks from the company†™s accounts to pay for personal lavish expenses. On top of this, she informed other Koss employees to make fraudulent entries into the company’s books to conceal her theft. The theft was only caught after American Express notified Koss of unusally high volume of large transactions.Sachdeva used her illegally obtained money for a vacation home in Hawaii, a new Mercedes Benz, luxury travel, furs, designer shoes, art and jewelry. She had purchased some many items that she had two storage containers rented in Milwaukee. During the investigation, some luxury stores come forward stating that she had purchased items ans asked the store to hold the item for her until she came and picked it up. However, she never showed up. Sachdeva even had enough nerve to hold various fundraisers to flaunt her wealth in hopes of joining the socialate circle of Milwaukee.The Board of Trustees of Cardinal Stritch University was so impressed with her that she was offered a position to sit on their bo ard. To cover her theft, Sachdeva informed her friends that her husband, a pediatrician, made a couple million a year, and she made only half a million and they both came from wealthy Indian families. On Sachdeva’s sentencing day she made a statement of, â€Å"I stand before you today truly remorseful. You have been my family, my friends, and my co-workers for many years. I know you have been deeply hurt by my dishonesty in ways that I never intended. For eleven years she will sit in prison for her greed and envy. (Marquet, 2010) In every case examined, the US Code that has been violated is Chapter 31: Embezzlement and theft. Twenty-nine Sections of the Code have been created to cover every type of theft from public money, property or records to major theft of livestock. The state sentencing of embezzlement ranges anywhere from 45 months for felonies, six months for misdemeanors or 38 months of probation and including repayment of money and fines.The sentencing is determined by the monetary amount that is stolen. (US Code) The Federal Government oversees accusations of embezzlement for public agencies, banks, US courts, credit agencies and any program that received money from the Federal Government. Yet, Federal punishment is anywhere between two years to 30 years in prison. However, if the dollar amount of the embezzlement is less than $1000, then the sentence will be less than one year with a fine of only $1000. (Embezzlement Cases) People always are caught when it comes to greed and envy.The embezzler’s keep stealing thinking they are good enough to keep getting away with it, or maybe it is the lavish lifestyle that blinds them to the consequences. Why are the not happy with the large amount of salary that they receive as income from their careers? It is always more and more until they sit behind metal bars with nothing but a prison issued jumpsuit and a boyfriend named ‘Butch’. References Country. (n. d. ). Embezzlement Law. Law yers, Attorneys, Law Firms A– Find Legal Information. Retrieved April 20, 2012, from http://www. g. org/embezzlement. html Embezzlement Cases. (n. d. ). Defending your rights in the criminal justice system. Retrieved April 20, 2012, from http://www. defending. com/embezzlement-cases Marquet, C. (n. d. ). The Top 10 Embezzlement Cases in Modern US History. Marquet International. Retrieved April 20, 2012, from www. marquetinternational. com/pdf/top_10_embezzlement_cases_in_us_history. pdf US Code – Chapter 31: Embezzlement and theft. (n. d. ). US Code. Retrieved April 20, 2012, from http://codes. lp. findlaw. com/uscode/18/I/31

Cells Study Guide Biology

Soon of existing cells. Janet Plow demonstrated that the cell membrane is a physical structure, not an interface between two liquids. Lynn Amaryllis proposed the idea that certain organelles were once free living themselves. Cell Theory: All living things are composed of cells. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. New cells are produced from existing cells. 2 Types of Cells: Eukaryote are cells that contain nuclei. They contain a nucleus in which their genetic material is separated from the rest of the cell.Prokaryote are cells that do not contain nuclei. They have genetic material the at is not contained in a nucleus. Section: An organelle is a specialized structure that performs important cellular function eons within an eukaryotic cell. A plant cell has a cell wall and a cell membrane while a animal cell has just a c ell membrane. Organelles: Nucleus: Contains nearly all the cell's DNA & with it the coded instructions for making proteins & other im portant molecules. (Both) Ribosome: small particles of RNA & proteins found throughout the cytoplasm m. Proteins are assembled on ribosome.Both) Endoplasmic Reticulum: internal membrane system, the site where lipid come moments of the cell membrane are assembled, along with proteins and other materials that are e exported from the cell. (Both) Googol apparatus modifies, sorts and packages proteins & other materials from the ERE for storage in the cell or secretion outside the cell. (Both) Lissome: small organelles filled with enzymes. Breaks down lipids, carboy drapes & proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell. Also involved in b reeking down organelles that have outlived their usefulness.A) Vacuoles: sickle structures that store materials such as water, salts, proteins and carbohydrates. (P) Mitochondria: organelles that convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use. Enclosed by two membranes (ou ter and inner) (Both) Chloroplasts: organelles that capture the energy from sunlight and convert it I onto chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis. (Plant) Cytoplasm: portion of the cell outside the nucleus. (Both) Cytokines: network of protein filaments that helps the cell to maintain its shape.The cytokines is also involved in movement. The two principal protein filament s that make up the cytokines are nonconformists and microbes. (Both) Centurion: One out of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal CE ASS near the nuclear envelope. (A) Cell Membrane: Regulates what enters & leaves the cell & also provides proto action & support. (Both) Cell Wall: provides support and protection for the cell. (P) Both chloroplasts and mitochondria are surrounded by two membranes. The y both contain their own genetic info in the form of small DNA molecules.

Maurice Sendak the Author

Maurice Bernard Sendak, an award winning writer and illustrator was born on June 10, 1928 in Brooklyn, New York to Philip Sendak and Sadie Schindler, Polish immigrants from small Jewish villages outside Warsaw who came to the United States before World War I. Sendak, the youngest child, along with his sister Natalie, and brother Jack grew up in a poor section of Brooklyn.Sendak was sickly in his early years. He suffered from measles, double pneumonia, and scarlet fever between the ages of two and four and was barely allowed outside to play. He spent a great deal of his childhood at home. To pass the time, he drew pictures and read comic books. His father was a wonderful storyteller, and Maurice grew up enjoying his father's imaginative tales and gaining a lifelong appreciation for books.His sister gave him his first book, Mark Twain's The Prince and the Pauper. As a young adult, he liked great adventure stories such as Typee and Moby Dick by Herman Melville. Other favorites were Bret Harte's short story, The Luck of Roaring Camp and Robert Louis Stevenson's A Child's Garden of Verses.Young Sendak didn't like school much. He was obese, sometimes stammered and wasn't good at sports but excelled in his art classes. At home, he and his brother Jack made up their own storybooks by combining newspaper photographs or comic strip segments with drawings they made of family members. Maurice and his brother both inherited their father’s storytelling gift.At age twelve, Sendak with his family saw Walt Disney’s Fantasia, which had influenced him to become a cartoonist. They also went to the local movie houses and occasionally his older sister would take him to Manhattan to see movies at the Roxy or Radio City Music Hall. The 1930s films, including Busby Berkeley musicals and Laurel and Hardy comedies, had a profound influence on some of his illustrations.The World War II influenced Sendak's view of the world as a dark and frightening place. His relatives died in the Holocaust; Natalie's fiancà © was killed and Jack was stationed in the Pacific. Sendak spent the war years in high school, working on the school yearbook, literary magazine, and newspaper. While still in high school, he began his work as illustrator for All-American Comics, drawing background details for the Mutt and Jeff comic strip. At nineteen, he illustrated for his high school biology teacher's book, Atomics for the Millions published in 1947.In 1948, Sendak and his brother Jack, created models for six wooden mechanical toys in the style of German eighteenth-century lever-operated toys. He did the painting and carving, Jack engineered the toys, and Natalie sewed the costumes. The boys took the models to the F.A.O. Schwartz, a famous toy store in New York, where the prototypes were admired. They got turned down because the toys were considered too expensive to produce but the window-display director was impressed with Sendak's talent and hired him as a window dresser.He continued working there for four years while taking night classes at the New York Art Student’s League. He took classes in oil painting, life drawing, and composition. He also spent time in the children's book department studying the great nineteenth-century illustrators such as George Cruikshank, Walter Crane, and Randolph Caldecott as well as the new postwar European illustrators, Hans Fischer, Felix Hoffmann, and Alois Carigiet.While at Schwartz, Sendak met Ursula Nordstrom, the children's book editor at Harper and Brothers.   He was offered to illustrate his first book, Marcel Ayme's The Wonderful Farm (1951) that he did when he was twenty-three.   Nordstrom arranged Sendak’s first great success as the illustrator for. Ruth Krauss’s award winning A Hole Is to Dig (1952). Sendak quit his full time job at Schwartz,move into an apartment in Greenwich Village, and become a freelance illustrator.By the early 1960s, Sendak had become one of the most expressive and interesting illustrators inthe business. The publication of his book, Where the Wild Things are in 1963 brought him internationalacclaim and a place among the world's great illustrators, though the book's portrayals of fanged monstersconcerned critics saying that the book was too scary for sensitive children.Just as Sendak was gaining success, tragedy struck. In 1967, he learned that his mother had developed cancer, he suffered a major coronary attack, and his beloved dog Jenny died. In spite of his troubles, he completed In the Night Kitchen in 1970, which generated more controversy for presenting pictures of a young boy innocently prancing naked through the story. This book regularly appears on the American Library Association's list of frequently challenged and banned books.Twenty years later, with We're all in the Dumps with Jack and Guy (1993), Sendak delivered another jolt. This time the troubling storyline revolved around a kidnapped black baby and two white homeless men . Some critics argued that the illustrations were nightmarish and too strong. Some people felt that his stories were too dark and disturbing for children. But the majority view was that Sendak, through his work, had pioneered a completely new way of writing and illustrating for, and about, children.Over the years he has produced a number of beloved classics, both as a writer and as an illustrator. His works also cover a broad range, not only in subject matter, but also in style and tone, from nursery rhyme stories, like Hector The Protector and As I Went Over The Water, to concept books, like Alligators All Around Us and the marvelous Chicken Soup With Rice. As an illustrator, his projects have included Else Holmelund Minarik's Little Bear, the Newbery winners Wheel on the School and The House of Sixty Fathers with Meindert DeJong, and illustrations of works by Herman Melville (Pierre) and George MacDonald (Light Princess and Golden Key).In 1980, Sendak began to develop productions of opera and ballet for stage and television. He produced an animated TV production based on his work entitled Really Rosie, featuring Carole King, which was broadcast in 1975. He also designs sets and costumes, and even writes librettos. He was invited to design the sets and costumes for the Houston Grand Opera's production of Mozart's The Magic Flute. This began a long collaboration, which included several works such as Sergei Prokofiev’s The Love for Three Oranges and Leos Janacek’s The Cunning Little Vixen, Los Angeles County Music Center's 1990 production of Mozart’s Idomeneo, the award-winning Pacific Northwest Ballet production of Tchaikovsky’s The Nutcracker and Humperdinck’s Hansel And Gretel.In the 1990's, Sendak approached playwright Tony Kushner to write a new English version of the Czech composer Hans Krà ¡sa’s children's opera â€Å"Brundibar†. Kushner wrote the text for Sendak's illustrated book of the same name, publi shed in 2003. The book was named one of the New York Times Book Review's 10 Best Illustrated Books of that year. In 2003, Chicago Opera Theatre produced Sendak and Kushner's adaptation of Brundibar. In 2005 Berkeley Reparatory Theatre, in collaboration with Yale Reparatory Theater and Broadway's New Victory Theater, produced a substantially reworked version of the Sendak-Kushner adaptation.Sendak, who’s been called â€Å"the Picasso of children's books†, has illustrated or written and illustrated over 90 books since 1951 and have garnered so many awards. He received the 1964 Caldecott Medal for Where the Wild Things Are and the Hans Christian Andersen International Medal in 1970 for his body of children's book illustration. He was the recipient of the American Book Award in 1982 for Outside Over There. He also received in 1983 the Laura Ingalls Wilder Award for his contributions to children's literature. In 1996, President Bill Clinton honored Sendak with the National Medal of Arts. In 2003, Maurice Sendak and Austrian author Christine Noestlinger shared the first Astrid Lindgren Memorial Award for Literature given by the Swedish government.Sendak, now seventy-eight, has been a major force in the evolution of children's literature. He is considered by many critics and scholars to be the first artist to deal openly with the emotions of children in his drawings both in books and on the stage, in his opera and ballet sets and costumes. This abilityto accurately depict raw emotion is what makes him so appealing to children.ReferencesKennedy, E. The Artistry and Influence of Maurice Sendak. Your Guide to Children’s Books. RetrievedOctober 1, 2006 from http://childrensbooks.about.com/cs/authorsillustrato/a/sendakartistry.htmMaurice Sendak. Encyclopedia Britannica (2006). Retrieved September  29, 2006, from Britannica ConciseEncyclopedia: http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article-9378228/Maurice-SendakMaurice Sendak.Maurice Sendak. Encyclopedia of World Biography (2005). Retrieved September 25, 2006, fromhttp://www.bookrags.com/biography/maurice-sendak/Mitchell, G. Biography of Maurice Sendak. Meet the Writers. Retrieved September 25, 2006, from  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.barnesandnoble.com/writers/writerdetails.asp?z=y&cid=90225

Social Media Autoethnography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Social Media Autoethnography - Essay Example My personal usage of social media depicts a scenario whereby I have to adjust my daily schedule in order to balance all my activities, considering that social media usage can be both addictive and time consuming. With the growing number of social media platforms that are offering equally interesting user experiences, I normally change my habits, interactions, and communications, depending on which social media platform is more viable. In essence, I use social media about two to three times a day depending on other commitments that I have. Whenever I have any time at my disposal, I usually check into some of my favorite social media platforms to update my status and get updates from my friends. Sometimes I take a week without visiting any social networking site, particularly when I am busy. However, I tend to create time for social media so that I can interact with my friends and professional colleagues. Since social media is a bit casual when compared to the official communication channels, I usually use casual and informal language whenever I am on social media. Nonetheless, I always maintain respect and integrity on such sites. I essentially use social media for communication and entertainment purposes. I have to admit that sometimes I receive insightful information and I learn from other people’s social media updates. My purpose is to synchronize social media with my other commitments in a manner that will have a positive impact in my life. In this respect, my social media communication is usually respectful and trustworthy in the sense that I neither peddle rumors on social media nor share any unverified information. In as much as I would like to appear informal while communicating on social media, I always maintain a tinge of professionalism. For example, when constructing a message, I always watch my tone besides considering my intended audience. Since my

Why HR Is Essential For an Organisation Assignment

Why HR Is Essential For an Organisation - Assignment Example While detailing the outline structure for the overall report, it must be mentioned that three exercises will be mainly conducted in this report. In exercise one, a comparison will be made about the different journal articles that have been duly considered in the first patch, which present information about the organisational culture. On the other hand, in exercise two, an essay will be prepared based on six articles that have been examined for patch 2. Finally, in exercise three, a case study analysis will be made based on the title â€Å"Transformation at the Global Manufacturers Group.† While responding to the questions presented in the case study provided, key challenges or problems related to HRM (Human Resource Management) and the relation persisting between such challenges and HRM theories will be discussed. Conclusively, the key learning points from the preceding discussion and further skills that require being developed by me for further development in future will also be examined. The journal titled â€Å"Organisational Culture: An Exploratory Study Comparing Faculties Perspectives within Public and Private Universities in Malaysia† was written by one of the most prominent authors in the field of organizational culture in the modern world. The study was extensively conducted with the intention of gaining a comprehensive understanding of the concept of organizational culture (OC). Furthermore, the study also tried to gain an understanding of how culture imposes a significant impact on learning through the creation of an avenue, which supports cross-learning in educational institutions throughout the globe. Moreover, the study tried to develop an understanding about the need to adopt a positive cultural practice, which possesses the ability to foster the integrity of students and studying across the private as well as public schools that would improve their interactive levels. The article primarily focused on assessing the concept of organi zational culture based upon several parameters such as adhocracy, hierarchy, and clan existing in private as well as public institutions. Furthermore, the study aimed at developing a platform for studying the differences associated with the interim of cultural practices from the perspective of faculty members (Ramachandran, 2010).

MacroEconomics in Virginia Beach Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

MacroEconomics in Virginia Beach - Essay Example Economist and financial analyst determine inflation by finding the difference between the current consumer price index and the previous consumer’s price index (Mankiw, p471). Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impacts and causes of hyper inflation in Virginia area. Impacts of Hyperinflation in Virginia Beach Area The impacts of inflation are numerous whereby, its effects are not only felt by individuals but are also felt by the overall economy. Therefore, hyper-inflation refers to an inflation rate that is above 50 percent, this kind of inflation may be attributed to government actions of printing money in order to finance its expenditure. The act of pritinting money by the Federal government causes an increase in the amount of money in circulation. This may consequently leads to an increase in commodity prices (Mankiw, p382-387). Hyper inflation was first experienced in Germany after the First World War when the German government printed money to reconstructs its e conomy. Additionally, hyper-inflation was first witnessed in Zimbabwe between the year 2004 and 2009 (Smith, paras1-6). In above connection, the United State reported a hyper-inflation after the Federal government tried print money with an aim of suppressing the negative impacts of world war one. However, the U.S government has taken measures to mitigate as well as prevent the occurrence of hyper-inflation. Among the measures employed include; setting a federal reserve system (Kimberly, paras4-6). In above connection, Virginia anticipated economic and political down turn as a result of hyper-inflation. Legislators in Virginia were wondering whether the establishment of a common currency across the commonwealth could have acted as a perfect substitute for currencies supplied by the Federal government (Kimberly, paras3-5).Some of the substitute that were to be utilized as money include; Gold and Silver. However, the United States Federal government was against the idea because most of their wealth was tied up in foreign debts. On the other hand, the Virginia commonwealth believed that both political and economic problems were attributed to the impacts of hyper-inflation. The Legislators asserted that the problems of hyper-inflation could have been addressed into two major ways namely; motivating people to buy legal tender attached on silver and gold (Kimberly, paras5-6). In above connection, citizens could be motivated to carry out capital investment. This could have been done by government through reduction of tax burdens attached on to such investment. Additionally, it was recommended that Virginia could set a side some intangible assets in order to hedge risk associated with hyperinflation (Kimberly, para6). Causes of Inflation There are two major cause of inflation namely demand pull inflation and cost push inflation. Demand pull inflation involves persistent increase prices of commodities due to higher demand (Tucker, p284). Several factors may be attribute d to be the causes of demand push inflation, among the factors include; economic growth, anticipation of inflation in the future, government policies such as fiscal policies, advancement in technology. Whereby, economic growth may leads to an increase in demand for goods and services (Kimberly, paras1-3). On the other han

Principles of managerial accounting. Answers to Questions. (Cash Flows Essay

Principles of managerial accounting. Answers to Questions. (Cash Flows Information, Apple's Cash Flow, Stock Features, Role of Management Accounting etc.) - Essay Example As a rule, one should look at cash flow statement, as† if the cash obtained from operating activities is greater than the derived net income, company is in a healthy position, but if it is reported otherwise, something is wrong, and management should be concerned on this. (Accounting Coach) It is different for investors because for investors more cash coming in means increases in dividends, opportunities for expansions, and payment of debts, and would improve stockholders value. Apple's Cash Flow Review the cash flow statement for Apple. How would you summarize Apple’s cash flow position and what does this statement tell you about where the money is coming from and where it’s going? What should Apple do to improve its cash position and why? A review of the yearly cash flow statement of AAPL from 2010 to 2012 shows that the cash used for operating have been larger than the reported income so it is assumed that some strategies of the company are not attuned with the operations and investing activities. (Yahoo Finance, 2013) For instance, a lot of cash are tied up in accounts receivables and in heavy investments. AAPL cash flow states Investors are happy since dividends are paid regularly and obligations are met as they fell due. What should Apple due to improve its cash position? Since cash position has been low for the past 3 years of operation, a review of company’s strategies should be done, more so in operational strategies. For instance, heavy accounts receivables means creditors are enjoying too much liberal credit facilities, or management needs to slow down on investments. 3. Stock Features What is "callable preferred stock"? Why do corporations issue such stock? Given the different features that are associated with stock (callable, cumulative, preferred, etc.), what type of stock would you want to buy personally and why? A callable preferred stocks are stocks issued by a company wherein it has the right but not an obligation to repurchase the stock at a specific price after a certain date (Investing Answers). For instance, issuer Company †Star† issued preferred stock in 2000, paying a rate of 10% and would mature in 2020 , callable at 2010 . In 2010, â€Å"Star† gains the r ight to call the stock. Star would most probably exercise its right to call the option if the interest rates in 2010 is lower than 10%. The usual procedure is that issuer pay investor a little over the par value in order to call the stock, a call known as call premium. Call premium decreases as the preferred stocks comes near to it maturity. In this case Star offers 102% of face value if the call is done in 2010, but it is reduced to 101% as it goes to 2015 or nearer. It is advantageous to issuer since it can offer the flexibility of offering lower interest rates thus gain in the transaction. A callable preferred stock becomes disadvantageous to investors because of prospects of reinvesting at a lower rate of interest. Cumulative refers to the variation in the preferred stock. This provision settles any unpaid dividends in the past to the investor before paying new obligations to investors. It is cumulative because company owes investors a collective amount (Damon, S.). Preferred St ock is a financial instrument that gives the investor a higher claim on the assets and earnings of the company than the holders of common stock. Dividends must be paid

Inter Industry and Intra Industry Trade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Inter Industry and Intra Industry Trade - Essay Example on, and import goods to countries they lack their own production, or where products can be manufactured with poor cost-effectiveness, owing to factor scarcity, intensively used for goods production. Under such circumstances, a country does not generally export and import the same product type. Inter-industry trade is in direct contrast to intra-industry trade that is a result of ‘imperfect’ competition between nations having identical factor endowments (Falvey and Kierkowski, 1987, 143-161). Examples of intra-industry trade include technology, beverages, minerals and automobiles. As per the definitions provided by OECD, intra-industry trade can be viewed through intra-industry trade measurements: a) â€Å"Trade in similar products (â€Å"horizontal trade†) with differentiated varieties (e.g. cars of a similar class and price range); b) Trade in â€Å"vertically differentiated† products distinguished by quality and price (e.g. exports of high-quality clothi ng and imports of lower-quality clothing)† (OECD, Glossary of Statistical terms, 2007). There are two different forms of intra-industry trade: Horizontal intra-industry trade: this comprises of simultaneous imports and exports of products categorised within an identical industry, and at an identical processing stage, therefore, based primarily on product differentiation, as for example, Korea’s export and import of cellular phones at the same time, at a same processing stage (Grubel, and Lloyd, 1975). Vertical intra-industry trade: This comprises of imports and exports of products at the same time within the same industry sector, but at a different processing phase. It is based on a growing ability to arrange for production fragmentation into various stages, each occurring at different places, and taking advantage... This report approves that countries export products where factors can be intensively used for goods production, and import goods to countries they lack their own production, or where products can be manufactured with poor cost-effectiveness, owing to factor scarcity, intensively used for goods production. Under such circumstances, a country does not generally export and import the same product type. Inter-industry trade is in direct contrast to intra-industry trade that is a result of ‘imperfect’ competition between nations having identical factor endowments. This report makes a conclusion that currently under increased instances of globalisation, intra-industry trade has turned into an essential part of global macro-economic activities, which is beneficial as regards bringing in stability at a macro-economic level, increasing the number of products of the same type within the market giving a consumer more choices and advocating innovation. This trade is primarily based on the advantage where it allows consumers to have at their disposal a larger range of products at cheaper rates, while allowing producers to acquire economies of scale in goods manufacture by giving them an access to a wider global market. With an overall rise in output, fixed costs are disseminated over a wide range of units, thus decreasing the corporation’s average production cost. Therefore, despite various debates on its rightful place within the realms of economic theories, intra-industry trade occupies an important position within the realms of modern intern ational trade.

EBay's Overall Digital Marketing Efforts Case Study

EBay's Overall Digital Marketing Efforts - Case Study Example With up to 4.5 million likes on Facebook and over 170 thousand followers on Twitter, eBay is actively increasing its popularity all around the world. It has a modern website that is quite user friendly, it easy for one to find his or her way around the site be it to buy or sell a phone, a car or an accessory among others. Consequently, its default search engine gives results of all its networks; the item to be sold or bought, the price range and the even geographical location. Finally, eBay has a mobile application that allows e-mail and message notifications about specific services (O’Reilly, 1). The New York Times has featured news about eBay. Buying a few items on eBay guarantees one to be conversant with the mechanisms and operations of the site. More information and ideas were outsourced from other people who have used eBay before or are still using. Overall Marketing Strategy A marketing strategy refers to the process(s) or model(s) that a company employs to realize sust ainable competition and maximize their sales, by optimally using their resources. This would include all the short and long term ideologies in the marketing area, strategy formation, assessment and selection of a good plan, hence to help the organization reach its goal. Marketing, therefore, entails the efforts used to get word out about a product. O’Reilly (1) claims that, no matter how big the brand, the products they have a need to be showcased to the rest of the globe to at least get a hearing. These strategies include: spreading the news, using e-mail, allowing for customer feedback, using business cards, rewarding frequent customers and giving out freebies. These ideas enable one to make an overall marketing plan, but with a good website the number of these strategies can be doubled. Located all over Europe, eBay has got more than 90 million users worldwide. As a marketing plan, it launched daily email offers service, and is focusing to push fashion sales. With its slog an, ‘free shipping’, eBay has been able to significantly attract sellers and buyers from all over U.S. eBay. It redesigned its website into a superstore. Recently, Sainsbury’s digital marketer, Tanya Lawler joined eBay to be the vice president in order to boost sales says O’Reilly, (1). Target Audience eBay is one of the largest online marketplaces all around the world. It allows trade to occur on local, national and even international scale. This trade happens through auction listings, buy it now basis or through the eBay stores. It has acted as a neutral intermediary between buyers and sellers, hence referred to as a market maker. eBay oversees trade between a number of goods and services namely; motors (cars, motorcycles, bicycles etc.), fashion, Electronics, collectibles or art, sporting goods, toys and hobbies, jewelry, health and beauty, deals and gifts and finally, home, outdoors and decor (Ebay.com, 1). A number of eBay users find it safer than oth er online marketplace, it is, therefore, considered a reliable online source for buying and selling of goods and services. eBay offers free shipping within the U.S while rival online marketplaces do not offer such service. eBay differentiate itself by getting involved or acting as a mediator between the two parties (buyers and sellers), hence the idea of auctioning goods and services.  

Principles of Fire Behavior Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Principles of Fire Behavior - Research Proposal Example Passive fire protection refers to measures that are generally built into buildings during construction in accordance with fire codes. The following will outline various modes and techniques of both suppressant agents and of fire suppressing strategies. In the suppression of wildfires, it should first be noted that wildfires that do not threaten human habitation generally are allowed to burn. Wildfires are part of a natural process, and as such they are not considered to be a bad thing. Where wildfires become a problem is when they threaten human habitation. Water is the most common fire suppressant agent, but the mode of delivery depends upon the location and terrain of the wildfire. For instance, water can be delivered by plane or by helicopter. These same planes or helicopters can be used to deliver various chemical fire suppressing agents as well. Firefighters also repel or parachute, which is referred to as smoke jumping, into areas in order to set up pre-emptive fire suppressing measures. On the ground, firefighters use small water or chemical agent pumps in order to douse and control small fires from spreading. Additionally, they will carry chainsaws in order to construct firebreaks, which is simply removing combustible mate rials from an area in order to prevent the spread of fire. Furthermore, tanker trucks carrying thousands of gallons of water are utilized to deliver water or other suppressant agents to where they are needed (Berry 2007). Human life is considered the most important factor in fire suppression. After this, various aspects such as the protection of property, health, safety, and ecological factors are taken into consideration. In the worst cases of enormous fires, the preservation of human life is the only possible action that can be taken. Cost and safety or firefighters is taken into consideration as well. Another technique in wildfire suppression is the creation of

Theme Park Essay Example for Free

Theme Park Essay CHAPTER I The Problem and its background Introduction Retail, is the  sale  of goods and services from individuals or businesses to the  end-user. This industry is a sector of the economy that is comprised of individuals and companies engaged in the selling of finished products to  end user  consumers. Retailers are part of an integrated system called the  supply chain. A retailer purchases goods or  production large quantities from  manufacturers  directly or through a  wholesaler, and then sells smaller quantities to the  consumer  for a profit. Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex is popularly known in Santa Rosa City as the City’s shopping point where numerous of shoe store exist. The entrepreneurs behind these ventures risk their capital, invest their time and make a living by offering consumers something they need or want. Competition in the industry is strong. There are a number of established players in the  shoe industry  with established market positions, brands and reputations. These two big establishments start to compete since then. And the competitive advantage seeks it to address some of the criticisms of  comparative advantage. A competitive advantage means a firm manages to keep making money and to sustain its position against its competitors. Marketing men defines competitive advantages as a superiority gained by company where it can provide the same value but a lower fee, or charge higher fees by providing greater value through differentiation. It plays an intense part in determining the price leader. And for this reason, the researchers choose this topic in order to know the competitive advantage of Shoe Retail Stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex. The main objective of this study aims to examine the best quality of shoes in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex, one of the best shopping points in Santa Rosa City, in terms of quality, that they meet the satisfaction of the consumers. Design that satisfies the needs and wants of stylish people. And price, that indeed in a low cost but in a good quality. Within the area, we used data gathering like survey questionnaires. It is important to know because many consumers are preferred to buy shoes. And this study will help them to figure out where the best products can be offered. In this thesis, we develop qualitative and quantitative distinctions between the single and married  respondents. This study is important to all the consumers especially to those who often buy shoes It examines the reaction of the respondents towards the factors they used. We need to know the competitive advantages because we want to help the consumers where they can buy quality shoe products, yet t he prices are affordable and the design of these goods are prefer to their tastes. Background of the study Balibago Commercial Complex and Target Mall is the most popular shopping point where you can have a retail product like shoes. Prospect customers from different neighboring barangays and towns used to go shopping at Balibago Commercial Complex because of low price product that they offer and the numerous store that attract the customers. Many stores were leased for permanent business operations and were own primarily by Filipinos, Muslims and Chinese. Balibago Commercial Complex is a wet and dry good market, and a host of bus, jeepneys, FX and tricycles terminals. Their latest foot traffic averages around 20-30 thousand people per day during weekdays, and as high as 40-45 thousand people during weekend. Some shoe retailers in Target Mall operate fixed point-of-sale locations designed to attract a high volume of walk-in customers. They typically sell merchandise to the general public for personal consumption. Athletic shoes accounts for the biggest market share in shoe retail, with basketball and cross training are the most popular category in this segment. Both the men and women’s market segments are growing. Price-wise, however, men’s shoes are more expensive than women’s shoes. According to Ms. Lorlie Aruta, Leasing manager of Target Mall Santa Rosa, the latter started during year 1998; three year after the commercial complex was build. It has been a fixture in Laguna located at the very heart of Balibago Commercial Complex are these past (12) years owned by Southland Holdings Corporation. It is a three-level shopping mall with a total floor area of seventeen thousand five hundred square meters. By that time, Target Mall is the preferred shopping place because there were no competitors yet around the commercial area. Although there were already shops existed that time, they were not numerous as today. It was when the early year 2000 entered; Shoe Retail Stores began to compete inside of Target Mall because the prices of goods are cheaper. At their first year of operation, only few  numbers of stalls began. Since the area has a numerous population, the supply cannot meet the demand of customers. They have only minimum stocks of products. As year goes by, many store owners began to operate their own enterprise that they can give more variants to the customer. And the competition has also emerged. Their mission is to be the most preferred shopping place in the community they serve. Their company vision is to be a shopping mall committed to satisfying the needs of the community where they are located in a convenient and comfortable atmosphere conducive to family shopping. They are committed to be responsive to the well-being of the residents of the community where they are located. Business success in today’s competitive markets requires a high understanding and respect of the customer. Customers are demanding, have more money to spend and have a wide collection of goods and services to choose from. To satisfy customers, we must be able to listen to their feedback and improve services and goods to keep of clients. And we come up with this study because we want to know the best shoe retail stores whether it is in Target Mall or in Balibago Commercial Complex, that offering the same products. And through this study, it will help not just us but to all consumers who frequen tly shopping within this area. Theoretical Framework The following theories and principles cited were used as framework for the analysis of data in this research. According to Pagoso et.al (2006) consumer buyer behavior refers to the buying behavior of final consumer, individuals and household who buy goods and services for personal consumption. There are some factors that may be influential for consumers towards their preferences in buying goods. The first is culture, the most fundamental determinant of the consumer’s behavior towards buying. Filipinos are known for their ‘suki’ behavior the harmonious relationship of a seller with the customer that keeps him to come back on the same store which is a part of a Filipino culture. Social class which is relatively permanent in the society that has ordered divisions whose members show distinct product and brand preferences. Second one is social factors such as family, reference groups and social roles. Third, personal factor or personal characteristics like occupation w hich affects the goods and services bought by consumers, and economic  situation that will affect product choice. The last is psychological factors, influenced by motivations, perception and attitude. As on Paul Sammuelson’s (2000) theory of revealed preference, this theory is a method by which possible to discern consumer behavior on the basis of variable prices and income. In this theory, a consumer with a high income will buy a mixture of product if the consumer income changes, the mixture of goods and services will also change. According to Leano (2008) in his book â€Å"Fundamentals of Economics† opportunity cost is the value of what is foregone in order to have something else. The opportunity cost of individual’s decision is determined by his or her needs, wants, time and resources (income). Pagoso et. Al. (2006) cited in his book â€Å"Introductory Microeconomics† the substitution of price elasticity of demand, one factor of substitution is the number of competing products. More of these mean more market shares for a product to gain or lose when its price decre ases or increases, respectively. Thus, a seller invites more exodus of demand when he under prices more rivals in a market where products homogenous in type and quality. This kind of competition is evident among adjacent retail outlets for the same product brands of more or less the same size like supermarkets, department store, book stores, and the like. Conceptual Framework of the Study | INPUT1. What are The competitive advantages of Shoe Retailer Stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex in terms of:2.1 Product Quality2.2 Product Design2.3 Price| | PROCESS 1. Data gathering procedures: a. Distribution and retrieval of questionnaire b. Tabulation of data 2. Data analysis 3. Evaluation| | OUTPUTIdentified competitive advantages of Shoe Retailer Stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex.| FEEDBACK Figure 1. The conceptual framework of the study. Figure 1 shows the conceptual framework of the study. The â€Å"Input† frame shows the profile of the respondents as regard to age, gender and civil status, and the competitive advantages of Shoe Retailer Stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex. In terms of: quality, design and price. The second frame is the â€Å"Process†. In this study, the process involved were the data gathering procedures which is includes distribution and retrieval of questionnaire, tabulation of data, data analysis and evaluation. The third frame is the expected â€Å"Output†. In this study the product or output will provide a summary of the identified comparative study about the competitive advantages of Shoe Retailer Stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex. A system should automatically provide information about the output being processed and soon gives â€Å"Feedback† for the competitive advantages of Shoe Retailer Stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex. Statement of the Problem This study aimed to find out what are the competitive advantages of the shoe retail business. Specifically the study sought the following questions. 1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of? 1.1 Age 1.2 Gender 1.3 Civil Status 2. What are the competitive advantages of shoe retailer stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex Complex in terms of: 2.1 Product Quality 2.2 Product Design 2.3 Price 3. Is there a significant difference between the responses of the respondents in terms of competitive advantages of shoe retailer Stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex, when they grouped according to civil status? Hypothesis That, There is no significant difference between the responses of the respondents in terms of competitive advantages of shoe retailer Stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex, when they grouped according to civil status. Significance of the Study This study will benefit the following people and organization. Customers- This study will help them to know and choose the best shoe products whether is it on Target Mall or Balibago Commercial Complex. The tenants of Target Mall and of Balibago Commercial Complex This would serve as a part of their environmental scan to help them develop their business strategies for them to continue operating. Entrepreneurs-is to find out how the competitive advantages among competitors where they can improve the quality of customer service, the offered selections and general atmosphere at the shoe retail stores. To the future researchers- this study would serve as additional information for future research undertaking especially to business students. To the researchers- this would serve not only as a pertain fulfillment on the academic requirement for their current course, but also additional knowledge that we can apply also in our chosen field Scope and Delimitation This research is restricted and focused only to the customers or buyers of shoes in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex area. The limitation of this study is the Shoe Retails stores that located in the said area. Definition of Terms In this study, terms were defined as follows: Competitive Advantage- this is the performance of Target Mall compare to Balibago Commercial Complex products in terms of quality, design and price. Retail Business- This industry is a sector of the economy that is comprised of individuals and companies engaged in the selling of finished products to  end user  consumers. Quality- The standard of shoe products as measured against its similar kind. Design- The physical features and appearance of shoe products. Price- The amount of shoes in Target Mall and Balibago  Commercial Complex. Shoe Retail Stores- Offer a quality but in a low cost of price to the consumers. Target Mall- The first mall established in Balibago. Balibago Commercial Complex- The shopping point of City of Santa Rosa, Laguna. CHAPTER II Review of related literature and studies This chapter presents the secondary data of the study taken from different reference materials such as books, magazines, news, papers, and thesis. Foreign Literature  According to Whittington, 2006 in his book entitled â€Å"What is Strategy – and does it matter† Strategy can be classified into four generic approaches: the classical approach, the evolutionary approach, the processual approach and the systemic approach. The evolutionary approach suggests that the environment is too unpredictable to foresee efficiently. Adherents of the evolutionary approach believe that it is the market that chooses which strategy will be successful, not the managers. Processualists, on the other hand also believe that long-term planning is rather fruitless, and consider strategy to be a rational process. The systemic perspective suggests that strategy is an important matter that can carry out rational plans of action. Further, Whittington believes that it is possible to define strategies that will succeed in spite of market forces. The systemic approach stresses the importance of the social system, where strategy making occurs since different social backgrounds may lead to other interests than maximizing profit. And according to Whittington the classical approach sees strategy as a rational process that is designed to maximize long-term advantage. Classicists see strategy as something that is vital to secure the future, a rational process of long term planning. These four approaches stand for three different main views on the impact on how a company can influence its business success. The evolutionary and processual approaches believe that planning is of minor importance since the environment has a great influence and will overwhelm the strategic plans. The systematic approach believes it is the social context that decides a company’s strategy have chosen to the classical approach, since it concedes with the view on strategy as a  rational process. The classical approach also stands for the company’s own ability to influence its strategy and thereby its result, while the other approaches are more of the opinion that external factors have a great impact. Child and Weick support this reasoning by stating that: â€Å"The strategies, structures and processes of the organization are not predetermined by the business environment. Rather, organizations create their own environment by choosing the domain or competitive arena on which there markets, product, technology and ultimately their strategy are based.† Choosing the classical approach makes th e study less extensive and we do not have to consider the external environment as a variable affecting strategy. According to an article of a magazine entitled â€Å"Going shopping written by Satterwaite, malls in America are said to be declining and are scaring away customer. Americans prefer flea markets, antique shops, and other retail shopping centers more than shopping mall because of its â€Å"McDonalization† a stultifying sameness on the way customers buy products and some problems. Customer encounter every time they go to malls like waits for parking and long walks from store to store. Americans prefer a community meeting place that attempt to get back to the face to face transaction that in past decades engendered trust between buyers and sellers. According to Bunge,Operational planning is in dispensable to the continuing vitality of any enterprise, whether that effort is apparent or not. The manners in which planning and its corollary, control, are handled are greatly affects the Profitability. Success and retention of the loyal customer will be won by `doing best what matters most to the customers. According to Porter Whittington, the goal of a strategist is to find a position in the industry where the company can protect itself against the surrounding forces, or might be able to influence them in a positive direction. If a company has knowledge about these surrounding sources of competitive pressure, it will provide the groundwork to decide where to position the company in its industry. According to Porter, it is important for a company to identify its strengths and weaknesses from a strategic viewpoint. Strategy can either be viewed as assembling protection against its competitive forces, or look for positions in the indus try where the forces are weak. Knowledge about its competitive forces will lead the  company to enter areas where it should deal with competition and where to avoid it. In the study of buyer behavior, there are five theories which will throw some light into the complex native of man as buyer. These include 1.) Marshallian – man is concerned chiefly with economic cues. Prices and income makes a fresh utility calculation before each purchase. 2.) Parlovian – man behaves in a largerly habitual rather than thoughtful way. Certain configuration on cues will set of the same behaviour because of rewarded warning in the past. 3.) Freudian’s – man choices are influence strongly by motives and fantasies which takes place deep within is private world. 4.) Veblonian – man acts in a way which is shaped largely by past and present social groups. 5.) Hobbesian – man seeks to reconcile individual gain with organizational gain. Customer satisfaction depends on the product’s percei ved performance relative to a buyer’s expectations. If the product’s performance falls short of expectations, the customer is dissatisfied. If performance matches expectations, the customer is satisfied. If performance exceeds expectations, the customer is highly satisfied and delighted. According to the book of Murrell (2005) entitled â€Å"Empowering Employees† Employees doesn’t wait the bated breath to be empowered, they simply want to do better job and enjoy their work in the process. To outline how managers and employees can grow on the job, become more knowledgeable and therefore more employable, and thus become fully empowered. Together then, everyone in the organization has something to gain by creating more empowering workplaces. Empowerment doesn’t create narrowly focused gains for the one individual or group; it does create far-reaching and long lasting is what this book is all about. According to the book of Johnson (2007) entitled â€Å"Principles of controlled maintenance management† Maintenance management practices and procedures was essential to achieve efficiency and effectiveness of the maintenance operations. Just keeping a place and its equipment sanitary, presentable and operating properly today is a carefully scheduled and well managed operation that is supported by the finest equipment and products Millions of dollars are spent annually in developing and improving maintenance tools and materials; this, in turn, saves many more millions of dollars in the investment. Foreign Studies According to Wei and Xu, to their study â€Å"Obstacles to innovation management in SMEs† at Hà ¶gskolan University. The results are contradictory to some earlier research in the area and in line with other. This implies that the characteristics and relationship of SMEs credit risk and internationalization changes over time and/or differs between countries, perhaps even between regions within national borders. For example we arrived at the conclusion that our basic model indicates a positive relationship between internationalization and credit risk, in line with both Rugman (2009) and Caves (2007). The analysis shows no significant difference in the firm’s capital structure depending on the internationalization, although younger companies tended to have a higher level of internationalization. This finding is contradictory to the research conducted by Burgman (2009) and the reports carried out by the European Commission whose report reaches the conclusion that older fir ms had a higher level of international exposure. According to Esther Nzungwa Leander to their study, â€Å"Cultural labour management in Finland: Multicultural Working environment in Riihimà ¤ki Wà ¼rth Ltd., Finland; MBA-thesis in marketing† is that cultural differences may not affect unskilled working environment (like the researched warehouse operating Wà ¼rth Ltd. company), as long as all the employees are treated equally. Carrying out of given duties in unskilled working place is the same in a warehouse company despite of the country of origin. The Wà ¼rth Ltd. unskilled labour respondents provided evidence that equal salary, treatment, sharing of duties and other benefits could be the key to successful multicultural working environment, marketing and management. It creates harmony, kindness and friendliness in the air that I too, witnessed while walking around the building before the interview. Learning the native or working language is very important to enable communication and career progress even in Wà ¼rth’s unskilled warehouse multicultural working environment, marketing and management. Researched company has 126 employees in 379 departments of which 28 are migrants from Vietnam, Morocco, Kosovo, Germany, Russia, Estonia, Egypt, Kuwait, Bangladesh, Japan and Philippines. It hired the first foreign employee in 1990 but none of foreign employees has ever been promoted. This could be a multicultural working environment dark side or failure. Multicultural marketing in Finland might not be the right strategy or so lution for ambitious foreigners who are interested and  looking for quick career advancements or career progress if this is the case in most of the Finnish multicultural working places. Local Literature Sanchez, defines that many Filipino businesspersons hate competition of any kind. Because they believed that competition is always a bad omen.9 Competition brings many benefits in business such as the lowering of retail prices because you and competitors common suppliers can now offer lower wholesale prices due to lower delivery costs to the area.10 The small – scale entrepreneur, need to borrow follows from the need to grow. The more resources one commands, the most stable and viable an enterprise becomes. New products are made; more workers are employed; new market is tapped; new business prospects are opened and industrial development moves a step ahead.11 People go into business for a variety of reasons. They may go into business a owners and employers or as employee. The decision to go into business and not into some other activity as the priesthood or medicine or law, may be result of conscious thought and deliberate preparation over period of years. Or it may be due to the fact that a person finds no easier or more satisfactory way of earning a living. Whether a person goes into business as an employer or an employee, he faces the hazards of loss and other problems inherent in the conduct of business. Both owner and employee need essentially the same personal characteristics that are required to succeed. Both also enjoy certain values which are derived when people go into business. According to Young and Pagoso (2010) in their book entitled â€Å"Principles of Marketing† Marketing is the process by which demand structure for products and services is anticipated and uncharged and Agree through competition promotion change and physical distribution of such goods and servicesà ¢â‚¬ . In the Philippines, intermediate market, goods flow from the producers/manufacturers to the retailers. (3) The relationship between the retailer and manufacturer involves a two-way traffic, with the supply chain on one side and product management on the other. Retailers have the tendency to get involved in the supply chain for various reasons: (1) to ensure that the products are delivered to the shops on time and are of desirable quality, (2) to reduce the costs incurred when products are stocked in the retailer’s warehouses, and (3) to maintain a reputation of exclusivity where  the manufacturer will not supply to other retailers. If retailers tend to get involved in the supply chain management, the manufacturers also have reasons to exert particular control over some aspects of retailing. According to Regalado, 2007 case study about â€Å"Marketing Practitioners† there are broad scope of strategic planning encompasses: all the company offers all the products/services; All the markets serve; both environmental snd internal variables; production, research finance, and other organizational elements needed for success strategic planning looks beyond the immediate circumstances, in the process clarifying where Regalado want to be in the future. This strategic perspective can be contrasted to the tactical level and operational planning. According to Young and Pagoso (2010) in their study entitled â€Å"Principles Of Marketingâ€Å",that strategy and brand value and how these can be portrayed and communicated in difficult markets and challenging situations to restore reputation and gain competitive advantage. In today’s competitive and fast changing world the importance of having a clear strategy that not only delivers the desired business results and shareholder returns but also fulfills the brand promise and enhances corporate reputation is essential. Strategically investing in the brand and delivering on what you promise is, therefore, necessary as this will ultimately manifest itself in how the company is viewed externally which in turn will contribute to stakeholder perception over time. In the current global and complex environment where business knows no borders, consumers are more demanding, communication is instant and the benefits of years of hard work can be lost practically overnight, it is necessary to have the right strategy in place. This must have the required flexibility to respond to unexpected circumstances and do what is necessary to retain brand value and sustain corporate reputation. Companies are coming under increasing scrutiny to be more transparent in their dealings and behave ethically and how they react will reflect in their corporate image. A strategic approach is, therefore, called for that proactively manages corporate identity. This will inevitably involve appropriate and effective communication. Local Studies On 1991, Josephine Tuble of the University of Santo Tomas Graduate School made a study that concerns the productivity and job satisfaction of workers  in construction company in Metro Manila. These results to productivity level that was rated on the whole as â€Å"good† due to the following dimensions: quantity of work, quality of work, supervision required, attendance, and conservation. Also, the respondents of this study were neither satisfied nor dissatisfied because of low ratings made on promotion and pay aspects. In connection with this, the level of productivity is correlated with job satisfaction with regards to the nature of work, supervision, co-workers relationship and pay aspects. Moreover, sponsored by the American Studies Association of the Phils. Baguio Cordillera Chapter, Antonia Corinthia Naz accomplished a study regarding the factors that influences the labor Productivity of miners in Benguet. With this, it has been found that the productivity level vary according to mining methods and was significantly affected by technical factors followed by economic factors and personal factors. Major problems on labor productivity are: the need for more involvement in decision-making; thorough discussion on miners’ concerns; that the company adopts a variety of training methods; the need to be informed of the policies; the desire of workers for management to be more sensitive and responsive to workers’ concerns and the necessity for more and better quality of tools and equipment for underground work. Synthesis and Relevance to the present Study The gathered information, theories statements were taken from different books of management business small retailers, Law and Case studies. As of the present time there were no studies published yet that are concerning with the competitiveness of Shoe Retail Business that can be directly related to the subject and the research problem. Writings of the prominent authors of management. Were primarily used this is to determine the relationship, relevance and also the credibility of the present findings. Other authors and websites were able to constitute relevant data for this research. Local figures of economy and business were also able to make contributions. The gathered secondary data which are the studies and literature from local and foreign sources will serve as a basis on the analysis of data in this research study. The theories and statements cited in this chapter will  support the data result of this study. CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY This chapter discusses the methods and procedures used in this study. This includes the research design used, instruments used, validation of instrument used, data gathering procedure, respondents of the study, and statistical treatment of data. Research Design With the end view of the competitive advantages of Shoe Retail Stores, the researcher thought it proper and appropriate to use the descriptive type of research. Descriptive research is defined by best in the following ways: descriptive researches describes and interpret â€Å"what is†, it is concern with the conditions of relationships that exists practices that prevail beliefs processes that are going on, Effects that are being felt or trends that are developing. The process of descriptive research goes beyond more gathering and tabulation of data. It involves an element of interpretation of meaning of significance of what is described. Thus, description often combines with comparison and contrast involving measurement, classification interpretations. It is descriptive because it describes the present competitive advantages of Shoe Retail Stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex as assessed by its customers. Instruments Used The instrument used was a researcher-made. All parts of the questionnaire were constructed by the researcher. It was composed of three variables namely: Quality, Design and Price. Questionnaire- was the main tool used to gather the needed data and information for this study. Data Gathering Procedure The survey covered the Shoe Retail Stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex in the City of Santa Rosa. And the researchers personally distributed and retrieve the survey questionnaires in the area. And the researchers personally tabulated through statistical treatment. Description of the Respondents Table 1 The profile of the respondents in terms of Gender GENDER| FEMALE| MALE| | f| %| f| %| N= 100| 62| 62%| 38| 38%| Table 1 shows the profile of the respondents in terms of Gender. It reveals that out of 100 respondents, there were 62 or 62% female and 38 or 38% male respondents. Table 2 The profile of the respondents in terms of Age AGE| 20 BELOW| 21-25| 26-30| 31-35| 36 ABOVE| N=100| f| %| f| %| f| %| f| %| f| %| | 34| 34%| 28| 28%| 16| 16%| 13| 13%| 9| 9%| Table 3 shows the profile of the respondents in terms of Age. It reveals that out of 100 respondents, there were 34 of 20 below ages; followed by, 28 of ages 21-25; Next is, 16 of ages 26-30; then is 13 of ages 31-35 and 9of 36ages above of respondents. Population and Sample Size The researcher gather information through the use of questionnaire distributed to the customers that directly buying shoes at the area in the time and day we distribute questionnaires. The respondents are 100 through Accidental sampling that drawn from that part of the population which is close to hand. A sample population selected because it is readily available and convenient. Statistical Treatment of Data Simple statistical measures were employed in this study after the data were gathered through the questionnaires. Data were tallied, tabulated, analyze and interpret. The statistical tool used in this study is the following: 1. Simple Frequency Counts- this tool facilitates the tallying and counting of frequencies falling under each item or category. P=f/N*100 2. Percentage- the percentage was used to compare the proportion of frequencies of responses of the total number of responses. This was reinforcing by ranking to the note the order of importance of an item in the questionnaire. The formula is: P= f/N*100 Where: f= frequency of the observation under study N= Total number of respondents P= Percentage Value 3. The weighted arithmetic mean also used in this study. The formula is: Weighted mean= ∑ wf _______ F Where: ∑ wf= sum of weighted frequencies F= total frequency 4. Arbitrary Scale- The degree of their responses to the variables was done by assigning verbal interpretation to the given weights. Numerical Value Verbal Interpretation 4.21-5.00 Strongly Agree 3.41-4.20Agree 2.61-3.40 Moderately Agree 1.81-2.60 Disagree 1.00-1.80 Strongly Disagree 5. Chi-square test it is to determine the tallies or counts of categorical responses between two (or more) independent groups. Formula: CHAPTER IV PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA This chapter presents the tabulated, analyzed and interprets the data based on the questionnaires administered to the competitive advantages of shoe retail stores n Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex. Table 3 The profile of the respondents in terms of Civil Status CIVIL STATUS| SINGLE| MARRIED| | f| %| f| %| N= 100| 60| 60%| 40| 40%| Table 3 shows the profile of the respondents in terms of Civil Status. It reveals that out of 100 respondents, there were 60 or 60% single and 40 or 40% married respondents Table 4 The competitive advantages of shoe retail stores of Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex in terms of Quality QUALITYN= 100| TARGET MALL| BALIBAGO COMMERCIAL COMPLEX| | SingleN=60| MarriedN=40| SingleN=60| MarriedN=40| | -X| VI| -X| VI| -X| VI| -X| VI| 1.Durable| 3.47| Agree| 3.28| ModeratelyAgree| 3.67| Agree| 3.93| Agree| 2.Usable| 3.57| Agree| 3.77| Agree| 3.32| ModeratelyAgree| 3.50| Agree| 3.Malleable| 3.68| Agree| 3.28| ModeratelyAgree| 3.47| Agree| 3.45| Agree| 4.Stable| 3.62| Agree| 3.63| Agree| 3.50| Agree| 3.68| Agree| 5.Flexible| 3.47| Agree| 4.00| Agree| 3.57| Agree| 3.65| Agree| 6.Breathable| 3.70| Agree| 3.23| ModeratelyAgree| 3.65| Agree| 3.28| ModeratelyAgree| 7.Frangible| 3.38| ModeratelyAgree| 3.46| Agree| 3.75| Agree| 3.43| Agree| 8.Comfortable| 3.65| Agree| 3.16| ModeratelyAgree| 3.67| Agree| 4.13| Agree| 9.Inferiority| 3.32| ModeratelyAgree| 3.56| Agree| 3.52| Agree| 3.85| Agree| 10.Thickness| 3.53| Agree| 3.70| Agree| 3.42| Agree| 3.63| Agree| General weighted mean| 35.39(3.54)| Agree| 35.05(3.51)| Agree| 35.54(3.55)| Agree| 36.53(3.65)| Agree| It reveals that single respondents from Target Mall â€Å"Agreed’ that shoes were Breathable, Malleable, Stable, Usable, Thickness, Durable, Flexible, Frangible, Inferiority and Comfortable. With a weighted mean of 3.70, 3.68, 3.62, 3.57, 3.53, 3.47, 3.47, 3.38, 3.32 and 3.05 respectively. In this connection, married respondents from Target Mall â€Å"Agreed† that shoes were Flexible, Usable, Thickness, Stable, Inferiority, Frangible, Durable, Malleable, Breathable and Comfortable. With a weighted mean of 4.00, 3.77, 3.70, 3.63, 3.56, 3.46, 3.28, 3.28, 3.23 and 3.16 respectively. While Balibago Commercial Complex single respondents agreed that shoes were Frangible, Durable, Comfortable, Breathable, Flexible, Inferiority, Stable, Malleable, Thickness and Usable. With a weighted mean of 3.75, 3.62, 3.67, 3.65, 3.57, 3.52, 3.50, 3.47, 3.42 and 3.32 respectively. Furthermore, Balibago Commercial Complex married respondents â€Å"Agreed† that shoes were Comfortable, Durable, Inferiority, Stable, Flexible, Thickness, Usable, Malleable Frangible and Breathable. With a weighted mean of 4.13, 3.93, 3.85, 3.68, 3.65, 3.63, 3.50, 3.45, 3.43 and 3.28 respectively. Table 5 The competitive advantages of shoe retail stores of Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex in terms of Design DESIGNN= 100| TARGET MALL| BALIBAGO COMMERCIAL COMPLEX| | SingleN=60| MarriedN=40| SingleN=60| MarriedN=40| | -X| VI| -X| VI| -X| VI| -X| VI| 1.Noticeable| 3.62| Agree| 4.00| Agree| 3.28| ModeratelyAgree| 3.63| Agree| 2.Stunning| 3.53| Agree| 3.56| Agree| 3.43| Agree| 3.48| Agree| 3.Presentable| 3.48| Agree| 3.58| Agree| 3.43| Agree| 2.58| Disagree| 4.Newly Hip| 3.50| Agree| 3.46| Agree| 3.57| Agree| 3.60| Agree| 5.Unique| 3.42| Agree| 3.75| Agree| 3.62| Agree| 3.63| Agree| 6.Popularly Brand| 3.25| ModeratelyAgree| 3.63| Agree| 3.52| Agree| 3.88| Agree| 7.Exceptionable| 3.30| ModeratelyAgree| 3.50| Agree| 3.68| Agree| 3.80| Agree| 8.Simple| 3.57| Agree| 3.73| Agree| 3.23| ModeratelyAgree| 3.60| Agree| 9.Common/Ordinary| 3.52| Agree| 3.50| Agree| 3.57| Agree| 4.40| StronglyAgree| 10.Favorable| 3.60| Agree| 3.85| Agree| 3.50| Agree| 3.90| Agree| General weighted mean| 34.79(3.48)| Agree| 36.56(3.66)| Agree| 34.83(3.48)| Agree| 36.50(3.65)| Agree| It reveals that single respondents from Target Mall â€Å"Agreed’ that shoes were Noticeable, Favorable, Simple, Stunning, Common/Ordinary, Newly hip,  Presentable, Unique, Exceptionable, Popularly brand. With a weighted mean of 3.62, 3.60, 3.57, 3.53, 3.52, 3.50, 3.48, 3.42, 3.30, 3.25 respectively. While the Married respondents from Target Mall â€Å"Agreed† that shoes were Noticeable, Favorable, Unique, Simple, Popularly brand, Presentable, Stunning, Common/Ordinary, Exceptionable and Newly hip. With a weighted mean of 4.00, 3.85, 3.75, 3.73, 3.63, 3.58, 3.56, 3.50, 3.50 and 3.46 respectively. In this connection, Balibago Commercial Complex Single respondents agreed that shoes were Exceptionable, Unique, Common/Ordinary, Newly hip, Popularly brand, Favorable, Presentable, Stunning, Noticeable and Simple. With a weighted mean of 3.68, 3.62, 3.57, 3.57, 3.52, 3.50, 3.43, 3.43, 3.28 and 3.23 respectively. While married respondents agreed that shoes were Common/Ordina ry, Favorable, Popularly brand, Exceptionable, Noticeable, Unique, Newly hip, Simple, Presentable and Stunning. With a weighted mean of 4.40, 3.90, 3.88, 3.80, 3.63, 3.63, 3.60, 3.60, 3.58 and 2.58 respectively. Table 6 The competitive advantages of shoe retail stores of Target Malland Balibago Commercial Complex in terms of Price PRICEN= 100| TARGET MALL| BALIBAGO COMMERCIAL COMPLEX| | SingleN=60| MarriedN=40| SingleN=60| MarriedN=40| | -X| VI| -X| VI| -X| VI| -X| VI| 1.Affordable| 3.63| Agree| 3.85| Agree| 3.70| Agree| 3.90| Agree| 2.Low| 3.35| ModeratelyAgree| 3.65| Agree| 3.50| Agree| 3.95| Agree| 3.Discountable| 3.42| Agree| 3.73| Agree| 3.48| Agree| 3.83| Agree| 4.Standard| 3.65| Agree| 3.80| Agree| 3.68| Agree| 3.95| Agree| 5.Invariable| 3.55| Agree| 3.48| Agree| 3.53| Agree| 3.70| Agree| 6.Equality| 3.58| Agree| 3.50| Agree| 3.60| Agree| 3.83| Agree| 7.Elastic| 3.53| Agree| 3.90| Agree| 3.40| Agree| 4.20| Agree| 8.Zone pricing| 3.48| Agree| 3.63| Agree| 3.52| Agree| 3.73| Agree| 9.Acceptable| 3.42| Agree| 3.50| Agree| 3.68| Agree| 4.05| Agree| 10.Visible| 3.50| Agree| 3.85| Agree| 3.27| ModeratelyAgree| 3.95| Agree| General weighted mean| 35.11(3.51)| Agree| 36.89(3.69)| Agree| 35.36(3.54)| Agree| 39.09(3.91)| Agree| It reveals that single respondents from Target Mall â€Å"Agreed’ that shoes were Standard, Affordable, Equality, Invariable, Elastic, Visible, Zone pricing, Acceptable, Discountable and Low. With a weighted mean of 3.65, 3.63, 3.58, 3.55, 3.53, 3.50, 3.48, 3.42, 3.42 and 3.35 respectively. While Married respondents from Target Mall â€Å"Agreed† that shoes were, Elastic, Affordable, Visible, Standard, Discountable, Low, Zone pricing, Acceptable, Equality and Invariable. With a weighted mean of 3.90, 3.85, 3.85, 3.80, 3.73, 3.65, 3.62, 3.50, 3.50 and 3.48. In this regard, Balibago Commercial Complex single respondents â€Å"Agreed† that shoes were Affordable, Acceptable, Standard, Equality, Invariable, Zone pricing, Low, Discountable, Elastic and Visible. With a weighted mean of 3.70, 3.68, 3.68, 3.60, 3.53, 3.52, 3.50, 3.48, 3.40 and 3.27 respectively. While married respondents â€Å"Agreed† that shoes were Elastic, Acceptable, Low, Standard, Visible, Af fordable, Discountable, Equality, Zone pricing and Invariable. With a weighted mean of 4.20, 4.05, 3.95, 3.95, 3.95, 3.90, 3.83, 3.83, 3.70 respectively. Table 7 The significant difference between the competitive advantages of shoe retail stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex, when they grouped according to Civil Status | X  ²| df| Probability level| Difference between the competitive advantages of shoe retail stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex, when they grouped according to Civil Status.| 0| 1| 0.5| Table 7 shows that there is no significance difference between the competitive advantages of shoe retail stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex when they are grouped according to civil status as revealed by the computed chi-square X  ² 0 0.5. We accept the hypothesis that we fail to reject the Ho otherwise. Interpretation: Ho: There is a no significant difference between the competitive advantages of shoe retailer Stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex, when they grouped according to civil status. Ha: There is a significant  difference between the competitive advantages of shoe retailer Stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex, when they grouped according to civil status. Test Statistics: Decision Rule: Reject Ho if X  ² (0.5), if fail to reject Ho otherwise. Computation: X  ² = 0 Decision: Since = X  ² = 0 is 0.5, we accept Ho. Conclusion: At X  ² = 0 0.5, we have enough confidence to conclude that there is no significant difference between Single and Married respondents. Thus, we would fail to reject the null hypothesis that there is a significant difference between the competitive advantages of shoe retailer Stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex, when they grouped according to civil status. CHAPTER V SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS This study was conducted to determine the competitive advantages of Shoe Retail Stores. Specific points of concerns are the customers of Shoe retail stores as regards to Quality, Design and Price. The researcher though proper and appropriate to use the descriptive type of research where it can concerned with conditions of relationships that exists practices that prevail, beliefs, processes that are going on, effects that are being felt or trend that are developing. The questionnaire was the main tool used to gather the needed dat6a and information for this study. Statistical measures were employed in this study after the data were gathered through questionnaires. Data were tallied, tabulated, analyze and interpret. The statistical used in this study are simple frequency counts, percentage, and arbitrary scale. With all these statistical tools, answers to the following questions were sought. Findings 1. On the profile of respondents in terms of Gender It reveals that out of 100 respondents, there were 62 female and 38 male respondents. 2. On the profile of respondents in terms of Civil Status It  reveals that out of 100 respondents, there were 60 single and 40 married respondents. 3. On the profile of respondents in terms of Age It reveals that out of 100 respondents, there were 34 of 20 below ages; followed by, 28 of ages 21-25; Next is, 16 of ages 26-30; then is 13 of ages 31-35 and 9 of 36ages above of respondents 4. The competitive advantages of shoe retail stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex in terms of Quality It reveals that single respondents in Target Mall got â€Å"Agree† rating with a general weighted mean of 3.54, while Married respondents got â€Å"Agree† rating also. And single respondents in Balibago Commercial Complex got â€Å"Agree† rating with a general weighted mean of 3.55, while Married respondents got â€Å"Agree† rating also. 5. The competitive advantages of shoe retail stores in Balibago Commercial Complex in terms of Designs It reveals that single respondents in Target Mall got â€Å"Agree† rating with a general weighted mean of 3.48, while Married respondents got â€Å"Agree† rating also. And single respondents in Balibago Commercial Complex got â€Å"Agree† rating with a general weighted mean of 3.48, while Married respondents got â€Å"Agree† rating also. 6. The competitive advantages of shoe retail stores in Balibago Commercial Complex in terms of Price It reveals that single respondents in Target Mall got â€Å"Agree† rating with a general weighted mean of 3.51, while Married respondents got â€Å"Agree† rating also. And single respondents in Balibago Commercial Complex got â€Å"Agree† rating with a general weighted mean of 3.54, while Married respondents got â€Å"Agree† rating also. 7. On the significant difference between the competitive advantages of shoe retail stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex, when they grouped according to Civil Status It reveals that there is no significance difference between the competitive advantages of shoe retail stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex when they are grouped according to civil status as revealed by the computed chi-square X  ² 0 0.5. We accept the hypothesis that we fail to reject the Ho otherwise. Conclusions In the light of the above findings, the following conclusions can be made. 1. On the profile of the respondents That, most of the respondents were, Female, Single and ages 20 and below. 2. The competitive advantages of shoe retail stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex in terms of Quality That, most of the single and married respondents in agreed in Balibago Commercial Complex 3. The competitive advantages of shoe retail stores in Balibago Commercial Complex in terms of Designs That, Single respondents agreed on both Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex, and married respondents agreed on Target Mall. 4. The competitive advantages of shoe retail stores in Balibago Commercial Complex in terms of Price That, Single and married respondents got agreed on Balibago Commercial Complex 5. On the significant difference between the responses of the respondents in terms of competitive advantages of shoe retailer Stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex, when they grouped according to civil status That, there is no significance difference between the responses of the resp ondents in terms of competitive advantages of shoe retail stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex when they are grouped according to civil status. Recommendations 1. The competitive advantages of Shoe Retail Stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex in terms of Quality Shoe Retail Stores at Target Mall should improve the quality of their product by choosing appropriate manufacturer that can produce well-made and high-quality shoes. It should measure such as the enjoyment the customer will get from the product. It is important that the product is changed as necessary to bring it up to date and prevent it from being overtaken by competitors. 2. The competitive advantages of Shoe Retail Stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex in terms of Design Customers are slightly satisfied with the design that Target Mall can offer. And Balibago Commercial Complex should improve their shoe designs by browsing latest and newly hip style so that satisfied customers are likely to recommend the products. 3. The competitive advantages of Shoe Retail Stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex in terms of Price Since these two is the most appropriate shopping point because of its affordable price, improvements should be further from the equivalent quality. It is very important that the correct price is  charged for a product. If the price is too high consumers will avoid the product, as they will believe it to be too expensive yet if the product is priced too low they may believe that there is something wrong with the product for it to be so cheap. List of Appendices Appendix A Cover Letter Appendix B Certification Appendix C Sample Questionnaire Appendix D Sample Computation of Chi-Square (x2) Test Appendix E Matrix of the Study Appendix F Curriculum Vitae APPENDIX A APPENDIX B POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES SANTA ROSA CAMPUS City of Santa Rosa, Laguna CERTIFICATION I Rowena Dichoso is hereby certify that the group of Cyndie Katigbak , John Ryan Lopez, Rizza Ann Salen, Rica Joy Sasa and Ryan Villegas who conducted a research entitled â€Å"The Competitive Advantages of shoe retailer stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex Complex† have consulted me as their Statistician. ___________________________ Rowena Dichoso APPENDIX C The Competitive Advantage of Shoe Retail Stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE NAME (Optional):______________________________________ GENDER: Female ( ) Male ( ) AGE: 20 Below( ) 21-25( ) CIVIL STATUS: 26-36( ) Single( ) 31-35( ) Married( ) 36 Above( ) Instruction: Choose the best rating that corresponds to your answer by putting a check mark () in the box on the right side of the statement. LEGENDS: 5- Strongly Agree| 4- Agree| 3-ModeratelyAgree| 2- Disagree| 1- Strongly Disagree| TARGET MALL BALIBAGO COMMERCIAL COMPLEX QUALITY| 5| 4| 3| 2| 1| | 5| 4| 3| 2| 1| 1.Durable(matibay at pangmatagalan)| | | | | | | | | | | | 2.Usable(magagamit kahit saan)| | | | | | | | | | | | 3.Malleable(malambot)| | | | | | | | | | | | 4.Stable(magaandalhin)| | | | | | | | | | | | 5.Flexible(nababaluktot)| | | | | | | | | | | | 6.Breathable(hindi masikip sa paa)| | | | | | | | | | | | 7.Fragible(marupok)| | | | | | | | | | | | 8.Comfortable(komportable)| | | | | | | | | | | | 9.Inferiority(mababangklase)| | | | | | | | | | | | 10.Thickness(makapal at masinsin)| | | | | | | | | | | | TARGET MALL BALIBAGO COMMERCIAL COMPLEX DESIGN| 5| 4| 3| 2| 1| | 5| 4| 3| 2| 1| 1.Noticeable(kapansin-pansin)| | | | | | | | | | | | 2.Stunning(napakaganda)| | | | | | | | | | | | 3.Presentable(kaakit-akit sa paningin)| | | | | | | | | | | | 4.Newly hip and style(sunod sa uso)| | | | | | | | | | | | 5.Unique(Walang katulad)| | | | | | | | | | | | 6.Popularly brand(kilala at tanyag)| | | | | | | | | | | | 7.Exeptionable(kakaiba sa lahat)| | | | | | | | | | | | 8.Simple(payak)| | | | | | | | | | | | 9Common/Ordinary(karaniwan)| | | | | | | | | | | | 10.Favorable(gusto ng karamihan)| | | | | | | | | | | | TARGET MALL BALIBAGO COMMERCIAL COMPLEX PRICE| 5| 4| 3| 2| 1| | 5| 4| 3| 2| 1| 1.Affortable(abot-kaya)| | | | | | | | | | | | 2.Low(mura)| | | | | | | | | | | | 3.Discountable(pwedeng tawaran)| | | | | | | | | | | | 4.Standard(May pamantayan ang halaga)| | | | | | | | | | | | 5.Invariable(hindi nagbabago)| | | | | | | | | | | | 6.Equality(pare-pareho/pantay-pantay)| | | | | | | | | | | | 7.Elastic(pabago-bago)| | | | | | | | | | | | 8.Zone Pricing(ang presyo ay depende kung saan nanggaling/nagmula ang produkto)| | | | | | | | | | | | 9.Acceptable(katanggap-tanggap)| | | | | | | | | | | | 10.Visible(nakikita ang presyo)| | | | | | | | | | | | APPENDIX D Sample Computation of Chi- Square X  ² Test 1. Ho: There is a no significant difference between the competitive advantages of shoe retailer Stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex, when they grouped according to civil status. Ha: There is a significant difference between the competitive advantages of shoe retailer Stores in Target Mall and Balibago Commercial Complex, when they grouped according to civil status. 2. Expected Frequencies E= (row total) (column total) Grand Total Observed| Expected| (O-E)| (O-E)  ²| (O-E)  ²/E| 60| 60| 0| 0| 0| 60| 60| 0| 0| 0| 40| 40| 0| 0| 0| 40| 40| 0| 0| 0| X  ² = 0 Probability Level: 1.000 Degrees of freedom: 1 Df = n-1 (where n is the no. of categories) Fe computation: E = (60+60) (60+40)/200=60 E = (60+60) (60+40)/200=60 E = (60+40) (40+40)/200=40 E = (60+40) (40+40)/200=40 APPENDIX E APPENDIX F BIBLIOGRAPHIES [ 2 ]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retail [ 3 ]. Pagoso. â€Å"Introductory Microeconomics† 2006. [ 4 ]. Paul Sammuelson. â€Å"Consumer Behavior† 2000. [ 5 ]. Leano. â€Å"Fundamentals of Microeconomics† 2008. [ 6 ]. Pagoso. â€Å"Introductory Microeconomics† 2006. [ 7 ]. Whittington,â€Å"What is Strategy – and does it matter†. 2006 [ 8 ]. Satterwaite, â€Å"Going shopping†. 2005 [ 9 ]. Nigel Hill, Handbook of customer satisfaction and Loyalty measurement, 1996, p.7 [ 10 ]. Porter Whittington, â€Å"shopping competitions†. 1999 [ 11 ]. Armstrong and Kotler, Marketing: an intoduction, 2005,p.17 [ 12 ]. Murell, â€Å"Empowering employees† 2005. [ 13 ]. Johnson, â€Å"Principles of controlled maintenance management† 2007. [ 14 ]. Max Ahlgren andJacob Goldmann. â€Å"The Internationalization of Swedish SMEs: how does internationalization affect individual firm’s capital and credit risk structure?† 2012. http://www.essays.se/essay/955a4118fa/ [ 15 ]. Esther Nzungwa Leander . â€Å"Cultural labour management in Finland: Multicultural Working environment in Riihimà ¤ki Wà ¼rth Ltd., Finland; MBA-thesis in marketing†. 2010. [ 16 ]. 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View as multi-pages TOPICS IN THIS DOCUMENT Arithmetic mean, Average, Department store, Mean, Retailing, Shopping mall, Weight function, Weighted mean RELATED DOCUMENTS Theme Park THEME PARK – THE MAIN CONCEPT OF TOURISM INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT Dridea Catrinel Raluca Romanian American Univerity, Faculty of Domestic an International Tourism Economy, 303 Mihai Bravu Street, bl 18 A, sc B, ap 54, sector3, Bucharest, Email: [emailprotected], Phone 0744.671.291 Strutzen Gina 14 Alexandru Ioan Cuza Street, Voluntari, Ilfov, Email: [emailprotected], Phone: 0723.212.300, Romanian American Univerity, Faculty of Domestic an International 8623  Words | 0  Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT Definition of Theme Park Joshua Cho 110007832 What is a Theme Park? A theme park is a group of attractions, rides, or events in an area made for the amusement of people. It is an amusement park where the rides and attractions are based on a central theme, for example, Disney World, Hershey Park, and Universal Studios. A theme park must have many different types of attractions for 8623  Words | 0  Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT Gold Coast Theme Park Gold Coast Theme Parks 1. Introduction This report seeks to undertake an environmental analysis on the industry sector of Gold Coasttheme parks. The body of the report consists of four parts. First of all, the report will have a description of Gold Coast theme Parksincluding its size, customer groups and core business of key players; Next, Porter’s Five force model will be applied to analyze the sector’s 8623  Words | 0  Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT Disney Theme Park Case Study Disney Theme Park Case Study Questions 1. The things that motivated Disney to set up theme parks abroad were more business opportunities. The management realized how successful they were in the US and that their resorts attracted a lot of foreign travelers. Realizing this allowed them to consider tapping into the global market, which would mean more profits and a more global company. The pros from the standpoint of the Walt Disney 8623  Words | 0  Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT theme parks INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Theme parks attempt to create an atmosphere of another place and time, and usually emphasize one dominant theme around which architecture, landscape, rides, shows, food services, costumed personnel, retailing are orchestrated. In this definition, the concept of themes is crucial to the operation of the parks, with rides, entertainment, and food all used to create several 8623  Words | 0  Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT Theme Parks Journal of Vacation Marketing http://jvm.sagepub.com Strategic theming in theme park marketing Kevin K. F. Wong and Phoebe W. Y. Cheung Journal of Vacation Marketing 1999; 5; 319 DOI: 10.1177/135676679900500402 The online version of this article can be found at: http://jvm.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/5/4/319 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com Additional services and information for Journal of Vacation Marketing can be found at: Email 8623  Words | 0  Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT Theme Park place suitable for everyone. Among the concepts adopted and blended by the major malls in Malaysia comprised the following: 1. Shopping, Dining and Entertainment 2. Hotel and Exhibition Center 3. Theme and Amusement Park 4. Cultural and Arts Gallery 5. Garden and Park The environment, surrounding atmosphere, target market segments and locations affects the choice of combined concepts for any particular mall. Nevertheless, 8623  Words | 0  Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT Theme Parks Essay on Different Types of Parks As I was young and growing up, traveling is something that I enjoy doing and still do today. I have traveled all around the country; however, the most exciting thing that I like to do is to go to an amusement park. Amusement parks are filled with rides, people, and excitement. The children are so excited and the adults feel as if they were young again. For example, Carowinds, Wet N’ Wild, and Disney World are all 8623  Words | 0  Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT CITE THIS DOCUMENT APA (2013, 09). Theme Park. StudyMode.com. Retrieved 09, 2013, from http://www.studymode.com/essays/Theme-Park-1934045.html MLA MLA 7 CHICAGO PRODUCTS Research Documents AP Notes Resource Center STUDY TOOLS iOS App Android App Citation Generator COMPANY About StudyMode Blog Contact Help Jobs Internships FOLLOW Facebook Twitter Google+ RSS  ©2016 StudyMode.com Legal Site Map Advertise